Die Euphrasia-Arten Norwegens. 323 
phile adaptation. Towards the northern limit of distribution, 
even from the latitude of Romsdal, it changes gradually into 
a form (v. subfoulaensis), very similar to E. scotica, which 
it seems to be difficult to distinguish with any certainty from 
certain forms of E. minima. A similar form (v. transiens) 
occurs in the mountains of Western Norway in moist loca- 
lities; it generally has a dark purple hue and a deeply co- 
loured corolla. Both forms remind of E. foulaensis, the v. 
transiens also of the nearly allied E. atropurpurea from the 
Færöes, forms which occur under similar physical conditions. 
Along the outer western coast a form is found which 
deviates very considerably; its systematic position is doubt- 
ful. It seems to give rise to a distinct transition to certain 
forms of E. borealis (compare E. borealis var. graciliformis). 
E. micrantha is a decidedly Atlantic species, having pro- 
bably immigrated during Blytt’s Atlantic age. 
E. curta Fries. With absolute certainty only known from 
the south-eastern part of the country, westwards to Lille- 
sand near the south point of the country, but here already 
far distant from its almost continuous eastern domain. In 
the inner regions only to 60° 25‘ N. Perhaps also occur- 
ring near the inner regions of the Trondhjemsfjord; the 
specimens in question are, however, perhaps only a small- 
flowered deviating form of E. stricta. In all probability our 
youngest species, apparently still gaining ground in -Eastern 
Norway, especially along the highways. For instance, in the 
year 1909 it had not yet reached the isles outside Holme- 
strand (in the Kristianiafjord), whilst it was quite common 
on the mainland.. Has with us (as yet) developed no distinct 
formæ æstivales (early-summer forms). Very probably immi- 
grated from Sweden in a late geological age, in or perhaps. 
only after the subatlantic age. 
E. brevipila (Burnat et Gremli) Gremli (incl. E. tenuis 
Wettst.). Is by far our commonest species at lower levels; 
in the mountains up to 700 m., occasionally to about 1000, 
northwards to Saltdalen, 67° 10‘ N; also found isolated at 
the inner parts of Maalselven, 69° N. Probably immigrated 
from the south and the east in the continental boreal time 
(of Blytt), when the climate had mitigated after the ice-age. 
Towards its northern limit only found near the Swedish 
