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V. — A Contribution to the Craniology of the People of Scotland. Part II. 

 Prehistoric, Descriptive and Ethnographical. By Principal Sir Wm. Turner, 

 K.C.B., D.C.L., F.R.S., F.Soc. Ant. Scot., Emeritus Professor of Anatomy. 



(Read July 5, 1<J15. MS. received July 21, 1915. Issued separately November 30, 1915.) 



CONTENTS. 



PAGE 



Introduction . 171 



Neolithic Period 173 



Archaeology 175 



Chambered Cairns 175 



Craniology 175, 181 



Bronze- Age Period 182 



Archaeology 182 



Short Cists 182 



Cremation 183 



Craniology 192 



Caves and Rock Shelters .... 209 



Oban 211 



Craniology 214 



Mas-d'Azil 216 



Iron Age 217, 247 



Celts 217 



Norsemen 220 



Craniology 221,24 9 



Prehistoric Mausoleum, Seacliff 

 Craniology 



Long Cists 



Arclueology 

 Craniology 



Ethnography 



'Palaeolithic Race and Ice Age . 

 Neolithic Settlement . 

 Brachycephalic Invasion . 

 Dolichocephalic and Brachycephalic 

 Urns in Interments . 

 Brachycephali, Migration Centres 

 Celts and Celtic Question . 

 Norse Invasion . 

 Anglo-Saxon Invasion 



Summary 



Explanation of Figures 



PAGE 



222 

 223 



. 226 



226, 251 



. 231 



. 232 



172, 233 



. 233 



. 236 



. 236 



. 243 



. 246 



. 247 



. 249 



. 250 



. 253 



. 255 



Introduction. 



Id Part I of a Memoir " On the Craniology of the People of Scotland," published in 

 the Transactions of the Society twelve years ago (vol. xl), I described the anatomical 

 characters of 176 skulls, the majority of which had been obtained in the counties 

 south of the Clyde and the Tay. The dimensions, form and proportions of the cranial 

 box and of the face were examined, the cranial and facial indices were computed, 

 several of the skulls were figured from the vertex, lateral aspect and face, and mesial 

 sagittal sections of the skulls with radial and other measurements were reproduced. 

 The Memoir gave the fullest account of the characters of the skulls of the modern 

 Scottish people which had been produced up to that time. In the concluding 

 paragraph I stated that I had formed a collection of skulls of the prehistoric in- 

 habitants of Scotland, which I proposed to describe to the Society in Part II 

 of the Memoir, and to discuss the general ethnographical relations of the Scottish 

 people. From various causes the presentation to the Society of this Part has been 

 (too long delayed. 



The prehistoric branch of the subject is associated with the concluding phases 

 TRANS. ROY, SOC. EDIN., VOL. LT, PART I (NO. 5). 25 



