THE CRANIOLOGY OF THE PEOPLE OF SCOTLAND. 195 



Broomend, Inverurie. — In 1867 Mr Hay Chalmers and Mr r.. B. Davidson 

 described * three short cists found at Broomend, Aberdeenshire, in one ol v Mch two 

 bent skeletons, urns, and flint flakes were found, while in another a remarkable lamp 

 made of tanned hide was hanging from one side of a beaker urn. I measured the 

 skulls at the time : oue, A, was an adult male, the face of which was broken, but the 

 length, breadth, and height of the cranium gave a cephalic index 78 "9 and a vertical 

 index 73 '7. The skull was meso-brachycephalic. B was from a younger male, as the 

 basi-cranial joint was not closed ; the vertex was flattened, and the occipital region 

 sloped backwards ; the left parietal was so much injured that the breadth, and in con- 

 sequence the cephalic index, could not be definitely stated, though it had not the same 

 brachy cephalic character as A. The vertical index was 72"1. The glabella and supra- 

 ciliaries were strong. The upper jaw was orthognathous, the nasion was depressed, 

 the orbit was microseme, the chin was protuberant (Table II). 



Tealing, Forfarshire. — In 1870 Mr James Neish read an account of a short cist 

 containing a male bent skeleton, the skull of which is in the National Museum. I 

 examined it along with Dr J. A. Smith, f The cranium was elongated oval, side walls 

 somewhat flattened, occipital squama almost vertical, sutures obliterated ; length 

 182 mm., parietal breadth 139 mm., height 134 mm. ; glabella and supraciliaries 

 fairly marked ; forehead somewhat retreating ; nasion a little depressed, nasals 

 narrow, bridge projecting a little ; lower jaw well formed, angle almost rectangular, 

 chin strongly everted. The cephalic index was 76*4, the vertical 73 '6. The cranium 

 was approximately dolichocephalic, and its capacity was 1448 c.c. The nasal index, 

 50, was mesorhine, the orbital index, 80'5, was microseme, the upper jaw was ortho- 

 gnathic. Two cinerary urns, one of which was inverted, containing calcined bones, 

 were between the cover stone of the cist and the surface of the ground (Table II). 



At Ninewells, Invergowrie, in the same county, a short cist was opened, which 

 contained a skeleton and bowl-shaped urn.} The skull was probably that of a 

 woman ; the forehead was smooth and vertical, the vertex was flattened, and the 

 parieto-occipital slope was moderate. The cranium was 175 mm. long, but otherwise 

 so imperfect that the breadth and height could not be measured. 



Dunrobin, Sutherland. — In March 1880 a short cist was exposed in a bed of 

 gravel in Dunrobin Park. The Rev. Dr Joass described it § as containing a female 

 skeleton with the knees bent. An urn of the drinking-cup type was beside the 

 head and a necklace of shale beads was at the feet. The skull was 178 mm. long 

 and 146 mm. in parieto-squamous breadth, which gave a cephalic index 82. The 

 basi-bregmatic height was 132 mm. and the vertical index was 747. The nasal 

 index, 51'1, was mesorhine, and the orbital index, 90, was megaseme. 



* Proc. Soc. Antiq. Scot., vol. vii, pp. 110, 115, 116, 1870. 

 t Idem, vol. viii, p. 383, 1871. 

 | Idem, vol. v, p. 81, 1865. 



§ Reliquary, 1903. Also described and figured by Professor Bryce in Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot., xxxix, p. 428, 1905. 

 TRANS. ROY. SOC. EDIN., VOL. LI, PART I (NO. 5). 28 



