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IX. — A Contribution to the Study of the Scottish Skull. By Matthew Young, 

 M.D., Senior Demonstrator in Anatomy, University of Glasgow. Communi- 

 cated by Professor Thomas H. Bryce. (With Three Plates.) 



(Read June 21, 1915. MS. received July 27, 1915. Issued separately January 31, 1916.) 



CONTENTS. 



PAGK 



Introduction 347 



1. A consideration of the mean values of the 



various dimensions and indices of the re- 

 presentatives of a group of 405 male and 

 100 female skulls, and their comparison with 



(A) The mean values given by Turner (1) 



for his complete series of Scottish 

 skulls .349 



(B) The mean values of the groups in his 



collection derived from Renfrew- 

 shire 358 



2. Examination of the West Scottish skull by 



biometric methods 366 



(A) Comparison of the mean values with 



those of various other types of skull 



or skulls of other races . . . 368 



(B) The variability of the West Scottish 



skull as evidenced by the range of 

 variation of the above values, their 

 standard deviations and coefficients 

 of variation, and a comparison of its 

 variability with that of the skulls 

 of other races 377 



(C) The correlation of the West Scottish 

 skull as regards many of its dimen- 

 sions and characters, and a com- 

 parison with that obtaining in other 

 series of skulls . . . . . 392 



3. The application of Klaatsch : s craniotrigono- 



metrical method to a subsidiary group of 

 100 male skulls, taken from the larger group 

 of 405, and the results obtained . . . 405 



4. The application of Schwalbe's special 



measurements to the same series of 100 

 skulls, a criticism of the method as applied 

 to modern skulls, and a discussion on the 

 results obtained 431 



5. The various features brought to light and an 



analysis of the values of the characters 

 measurable after the preceding 100 skulls 

 were sectioned in the median sagittal 

 plane 437 



6. Conclusions as to the connection between this 



type of Scottish skull and other types, both 

 pre-existent and modern .... 449 



The present communication is based principally on the results of a series of 

 investigations into the form, dimensions, and characters of the. skulls that comprise 

 the unique collection which has been located in the Anatomy Department at the 

 University of Glasgow for a number of years, and of which no account has yet 

 been published. We owe the collection and preservation of this large and valuable 

 series of crania — comprising over 700 specimens — to the zeal of Mr W. K. Hutton, 

 Lecturer in Anatomy, Queen Margaret College, University of Glasgow, to whom 

 I am much indebted for permission to continue the work begun, but given up, by 

 him.* I am very grateful to Professor Bryce for assistance and much encourage- 

 ment during the progress of the research. 



* Mr Hutton intended to carry out a research, not dissimilar to my own, and to that end obtained a grant 

 from the Carnegie Trust for the purchase of craniological apparatus. Unfortunately, from circumstances over which 

 he had no control, he was unable to continue the work, and I have made use of the instruments obtained by him. The 

 present paper formed part of a Thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Medicine to the University of Glasgow. 

 I have gratefully to acknowledge a liberal grant from the Carnegie Trustees in aid of its publication. 



TRANS. ROY. SOC. EDIN., VOL. LI, PART II (NO. 9). 50 



