368 DR MATTHEW YOUNG. 



I "). Pace breadth (GB). From the lower end of one zygomatic-maxillary suture to that of the other. 



16. Zygomatic breadth (J). From outermost point of one zygomatic arch to that of the other. 



1 7. Nasal height (N H). 



18. Nasal breadth (Nil). 



19. Breadth of orbit for right and left eyes (O 1 ). 



20. Greatest height of orbit for right and left eyes (O 2 )* 



21. Length of palate (G,). From point of spina-mentalis-posterior to an imaginary surface tangential to 



the inner alveolar surfaces of the middle incisors. 



22. Breadth of palate (G,). Between the alveolar walls at the second molars Macr-onnem* says "that 



owing to great unevenness of the alveolar walls I have frequently found this a difficult and 

 unsatisfactory measurement." 



23. Profile length (GL). From the basion to the alveolar point. 



24. Profile angle (P). Measured in the case of the series "K" on the sagittal outline projected by the 



dioptrograph ; in the case of the female by the same method and by the goniometer. 



25. Alveolar angle (A). Between GL and GH. ") Determined in 100 male by measuring angles on projec- 



26. Nasial angle (N). Between (JH and LB. V tion outline, in female by completing the triangles with 



27. Basilar angle (B). Between LB and GL. ) appropriate length for sides and measuring the angle. 



28. Basio-nasal-horizontal angle (180° - <N- <P). 



29. Basio-alveolar-horizontal angle (<P- < A). 



The following indices were also calculated : — 



1. Cephalic index. 



2. Vertical index. 



3. Breadth-height index. 



4. Upper face index. 



5. Orbital index (right eye). 



6. Nasal index. 



7. Palatal index. 



(A) Comparison of the Mean Values of the West Scottish Skull with those of 

 Various Other Types of Skull or Skulls of Other Races. 



In the two tables (Tables XXI and XXII) are compiled the data for the mean 



values of the principal characters in the series of skulls under examination and the 



mean values of the same characters in the skulls of the following series : — 



(a) English crania, Whitechapel series, Macdonnell (12), M. and F. groups. 



(//) Bavarian crania (Altbayerisch crania), measured by Ranke, and published in his Beitrdge zur 

 plujsisclien anfhrojpol. der Bayern, Bd. i (M. and F.). 



(c) Wiirtemberg crania from Die anthropol. Sammlung. Deutsch., xvi Tub. (M. and F.). 



(d) French crania, the skulls of French soldiers who died in Munich during the Franco-Prussian War, 



56 in number. Measurements from Die anthropol. Sammlung. Deutsch., x Mun. (M. and F.). 



(e) Naquada crania from C. D. Fawcett's memoir (M. and F.). 



(f) Modern Negro skulls from north of Africa, extracted from the German Anthrop. Catalogue. (Taken 



from C. D. Fawcett's paper.) M. only. 



(g) Aino skulls, Koganei's measurements, " Beitraige zur phys. anthropol. der Aino," Mittheil. aus der 



Mediciu Facultdt der k. j. Universitat Tokyo, 1894, Bd. ii (M. and F.). 

 (h) Tasmanian skulls from Berry and Robertson's compiled results in a " Biometrical Study of the 



Relative Purity of Race of the Tasmanian, Australian, and Papuan" (M. and F.), and from 



Turner's memoir on the Craniology of the Tasmanian. 

 (i) Australian skulls from Robertson's compiled results (9) (M. and F.), and from the Catalogue of the 



Royal College of Surgeons of England, compiled by Flower. 

 (j) Turner's Scottish series of skulls. 



