A CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF THE SCOTTISH SKULL. 



393 



interest. Although the list at present is not so complete as theirs, lack of time and 

 the labour and calculations involved in determining the coefficients of correlation of 

 the pairs of characters selected by the method which gives the most reliable results, 

 i.e. by estimating the sum of the products of the actual pairs of measurement, has 

 made the list smaller than intended. The data for a longer list are provided in the 

 Appendix. 



I give tables showing the pairs of characters correlated and their coefficients of 

 correlation, with the probable errors of that criterion, and shall proceed to examine 

 the various coefficients and compare them with those that have been calculated for 

 other races. 



In the first place, we may construct a table (XXXVIII) for length, breadth, and 

 height correlations such as the following : — 



Table XXXVIII. 



Race. 



Length and Height. 



Length and Breadth. 



Breadth and Height. 



No. 



405 

 120 

 860 

 100 



87 

 134 



M. 



No. 



100 



117 



340 



99 



63 

 163 



F. 



No. 



405 

 131 



860 

 100 



3000 



1000 



87 



139 



M. 



No. 



100 



130 



340 



99 



63 



183 



F. 



No. 



M. 



No. 



100 



115 



340 



99 



63 



163 



F. 



Scottish . 

 EngUsh (W.) • 

 French f . 

 German $ 

 Enghsh § 



(criminals) . 

 English § (mid. 



classes) 

 Aino 



Naquada *[j 

 Australian f f . 

 Tasmanian %% . 

 Sioux Indians §§ 



•356 ±-029 



•255 ±-058 



•294 ±-022 



-•097 ±-067* 



■501 ±054* 

 •489 ±-044 

 •337 ±-060 

 •577 ±-061 

 •36 ±-08 



•089 ±-066 

 •425 ±051 

 •132 ±036 

 •314±061* 



•349 ±-075* 

 ■283 ±-048 

 ■083 ±-143 

 178±-119 



•454 ±-026 

 •240 ±-055 

 •089 ±-024 

 •286 ±-062 



•402 ±010 



•345±019 



•432 ±-059 

 •344 ±-050 

 •313 ±069 

 •452 ±-073 

 •24 ±-08 



•187 ±064 



•350 ±-052 



-■042 ±-037 



•488 ±-052 



•376 ±073 

 •143 ±049 

 ■016±144 

 •256 ±-115 



405 

 116 

 860 

 100 



87 



129 



•264 ±031 

 •233 ±-059 

 ■224 ±023 

 ■072 ±-067* 



•345 ±-064* 



•273 ±055 



•314 ±-069 



■268 ±-085 



•053 ±-066 

 •340 ±-056 

 •229 ±-035 

 •276 ±-063* 



•178 ±-082* 



•119 ±052 



■311±130 

 ■151±120 



In the above tables the correlations for length and height and breadth and height 

 are marked with an asterisk in the Aino and German to indicate that they are 

 not comparable with the other results, as the auricular and not the basi-bregmatic 

 height has been made use of; whereas in the Naquada crania the height was 

 measured from the basion to the vault vertically above, but perpendicular to, the 

 German horizontal plane, instead of the distance between the basion and the 

 bregma, which was introduced by Broca and adopted and advocated by Turner, 

 Flower, and many others. From the median sagittal tracing of 100 male skulls 

 I was able, having also traced the opening of the external acoustic meatus and the 



t Paris Catacomb Crania. 



§ Measurements on living head. 



If C. D. Fawcett, Biometrika, i, p. 457. 

 ff Robertson, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. xxxi, pt. i. 



|| Berry, Robertson, and Cross, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. xxxi, pt. i, No. 2. 

 §§ Boas, Amer. Anthropol., vol. i, p. 453. 



| A. Lee, Phil. Trans., vol. cxcvi, A, p. 23. 

 jl A. Lee, Phil. Trans., vol. cxcvi, A, p. 23. 



