A CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF THE SCOTTISH SKULL. 



397 



Table XL. 



Correlations of Capacity, with Height, Breadth, and Length. 



Race. 



Capacity and Height. 



Capacity and Breadth. 



Capacity and Length. 



M. 



F. 



M. 



F. 



M. 



F. 



Scottish . . . 



English 



Naquada 



Aino 



German 



Sioux 



•56±-024 

 •501±-059 

 •642±-043 

 •544±-054 

 •243±-064 

 •440±-070 



•39±-05 

 •600±-049 

 •519±-046 

 •521 ±-068 

 ■451±-054 



•73±-017 

 •631±-048 

 •434±-058 

 •561±-053 

 •672±-037 



•67±-05 



•63±-04 



•646±-044 

 •532±-044 

 •502±-070 

 •706±-034 



•69±-017 

 •597±-051 

 •501 ±-054 

 •893±-016 

 •515±-050 



•54±-06 



•55±-050 

 •691 ±-040 

 •599±-039 

 •663±-053 

 •687±-037 



For the 100 male skulls previously mentioned 1 calculated the correlation 

 between the capacity and both the basi-bregmatic and auricular heights with the 



following result :- 



Capacity and 

 Height. 



Capacity and 

 Auricular Height. 



Race. 

 Scottish (100) . . -58±-045 '60 + '043 



From this table it is evident that the coefficient of correlation between capacity 

 and basi-bregmatic height in the 100 male skulls is practically the same as the 

 coefficient for the larger group of 405 male skulls. The coefficient of correlation 

 between the auricular height and capacity is sensibly greater than between basi- 

 bregmatic height and capacity, but only amounts to '02, with a probable error (the 

 square root of the sum of the squares of the probable errors of the coefficients them- 

 selves) of '06, which is definitely greater than the difference, so that there is no 

 real difference between the coefficients of correlation of capacity and the respective 

 heights, basi-bregmatic and auricular, in this series of 100 skulls. 



Examining the above table, we find that in the Scottish series in both male and 

 female the maximum breadth and glabello-occipital length have each a distinctly 

 higher correlation with capacity than has basi-bregmatic height, which latter dimen- 

 sion has, as stated above, a correlation with capacity practically equal to that of 

 auricular height. Comparing the Scottish series with the English one, we observe 

 that in the former the three correlation coefficients are higher in the male than the 

 corresponding ones in the female, a condition that obtains in the primitive type, the 

 Aino ; whereas in the English series the opposite relationship holds, as it also does in 

 the German. In fact, looking carefully at the table, there is seen to be a very close 

 resemblance between the Scottish male coefficient and the corresponding German 

 female coefficient : were we to change in each German pair the coefficients for the 

 sexes, making the male female in all the three, we would be at once struck with the 

 approach to equality exhibited by the corresponding coefficients. Again, there is a 

 greater difference between the male and female coefficients in the Scottish series than 



