CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE GEOLOGY OF BENGUELLA. 501 



mile above the dam. Many of them, such as a 50-foot overthrust fault on the south 

 bank to the west of the dam, four parallel faults on the right bank just below the 

 dam, and others on the north bank near Catumbella, are unmistakable. But others, 

 of greater stratigraphical importance, I had not time to confirm. The Cretaceous 

 succession in this section is therefore not free from doubt, but it is apparently as 

 given on the table on page 521. 



(2) South-east ofLobito (fig. 2). — The inflata beds are most conveniently examined 

 on the south-eastern shore of Lobito Bay. They occur near the landing-place at 

 Old Lobito, and most of the fossils that have been sent to Europe from Lobito were 

 probably collected at that locality. I found there "S." inflata, " S." elobiensis, " S." cf. 

 lenzi, "S." ? candollianus, and two species which Mr Wordie regards as new. Seen 

 from the bay the cliffs on the south-east side appear as a long straight scarp, which 

 cuts across the old valleys, and leaves some of them as hanging valleys. This cliff 

 presents the aspect of a recent fault scarp. I was accordingly not surprised on 

 landing to find the rocks broken by numerous faults which are parallel to the coast. 

 Some of the smaller faults are overthrusts, with the downthrow on the south-western 

 side. The inflata beds consist of well-bedded nodular limestones and marls. The 

 fossils are mostly in the form of casts. I collected one Epiaster catumbellensis a few 

 feet above sea-level in the inflata marls. The sequence inland is shown in the 

 canyon of the usually dry river which ends at Old Lobito. In the examination of 

 this section from the shore to the hills 5 miles inland, I had the valuable help of 

 Professor Martin. Both walls of the gorge at first consist of the inflata marls, 

 dipping gently to the north-west. They rise to the edge of the plateau about 300 

 feet above sea-level. These beds are cut off inland by two parallel faults that bring 

 up intensely false-bedded limestone, of which the prevalent dip is at first to the south- 

 east. After passing more of the marls, with fragments of " Schloenbachia" inflata 

 and of an ammonite which Mr Wordie tells me is a new species of " Schloenbachia," 

 the beds resume their normal dip to the north-west at 15°. Then follows a series of 

 limestones containing casts of Mollusca ; an anticline then brings up the cream- 

 coloured limestone with concentric algse, which, according to Mrs Romanes, are 

 identical with those at the Catumbella dam. Near where the river enters the gorge, 

 at the level of 380 feet, we found fragments of "S." elobiensis in beds dipping inland. 

 We climbed on to the plateau at the level of about 500 feet and crossed it to the 

 foot of the next hill face. A little to the north-east of the exact line of section the 

 algal bed occurs on the plateau at the foot of the scarp ; this low-lying bed has 

 probably been brought to the surface by the eastern limb of the synclinal, of which 

 the other limb occurs where we had left the gorge. At about 650 feet the first 

 plateau ends at the foot of a scarp, the upper edge of which is at the level of about 

 810 feet. The scarp consists mostly of hard shelly limestone dipping about 7° to 

 the north-west. Above this limestone the country extends back in an irregular 

 plateau which rises to another scarp. At the height of 850 feet, a short distance 



