OF THE MALAY PENINSULA. 11 



This suspicion is confirmed by what is undoubtedly the 

 most interesting point .that has come to light in the geology of 

 the Peninsula, and one that is of far reaching significance in 

 connection with the mining industry. When giving evidence 

 of the dislocations in the arches of Gondwana and calcareous 

 rocks, I cited as an example of transverse faults a block of 

 land at Gopeng interrupting the continuity of the limestone 

 hills. In this faulted area the limestone floor is covered by 

 beds of stiff clay and beds of clay containing boulders. If 

 we examine these clays where they about on the Mesozoic 

 granite we see that they are certainly older than that rock. 

 If we collect specimens of the boulders we find that boulders 

 of tourmaline-schists, quartz-tourmaline rocks, quartz-tourma- 

 line-mica rocks, are common, while occasionally a boulder of 

 granite occurs, and as the clays are older than the Mesozoic 

 granite, so must all these boulders be older also. The 

 abundance of tourmaline rocks suggests the possibility of 

 finding tin-ore and the mode of occurrence of much of the ore 

 that is older than the Mesozoic granite, which has in places 

 brought a second store of tin to further enrich them. Here 

 is further evidence connected with the Palaeozoic granite that 

 is almost sensational. This ancient granite that we know only 

 from a few fragments and boulders gave birth to a tin-field 

 before ever the Carboniferous calcareous rocks were deposited. 



There is another peculiarity of these clays that would 

 arrest the attention of any geologist, and that is the strong 

 resemblance they bear to clays associated with glaciers, such 

 as the " till " and boulder clays of England. Is anything 

 known to geologists of glacial beds older than our Mesozoic 

 granite? The answer is more satisfactory than some would 

 expect, for in India, Australia, and South Africa there are 

 preserved glacial deposits not only older than our Mesozoic 

 granite, but at the base of Gondwana Series in India and its 

 equivalents in Australia and South Africa. Owing to the 

 strong tropical weathering, the evidence of glacial action in 

 the Gopeng boulder clays is not as good as could be wished, 

 but their. position immediately above the limestone and the 



R. A. Soc, No. 59i 19". 



