iv AMERICAN HOMES AND GARDENS 
April, 1909 
you install the 
With the KewaneeSystem 
there is no elevated or attic 
tank exposed to all extremes 
in weather conditions. No 
freeze-ups in winter and no 
warm stagnant water in 
summer. Instead, a Kewa= 
nee Pneumatic Tank is 
located in the cellar, or 
buried in the ground. It 
cannot leak, freeze, over- 
flow or collapse. 
Pump the water from your 
well, cistern or other source, 
into the tank; and it will 
be delivered to the fixtures 
and hydrants under air 
pressure. First class 
fire protection assured for 
your buildings. 
Other Styles for Less Money 
Lane Brothers Company. 434-466 Prospect Street, Poughkeepsie. NY « 
The Advantages of a 
Good Water Supply 
always possible with the 
Kewanee System of Water Supply 
Plenty of water at an even temperature, 
under good strong pressure, delivered to all 
parts of the house—bath-room, kitchen, laundry, 
etc.,—to the barn, garden, lawn—anywhere. 
Running water, ready for use at all times. 
All the conveniences and comforts of the best 
city water work system are at your service if 
Sob Eedears Trade 
Kewanee System 
of Water Supply 
Over 9000 Kewanee Sys- 
tems in operation, supply- 
ing water for country and 
suburban homes, farms, 
schools, public and private 
institutions, etce.,—over 
9000 water supply problems 
solved withabsolute success, 
The Kewanee System is 
the original water supply 
system, involving the use 
of air pressure instead of 
gravity pressure. There 
are imitations now—avoid 
them. Get the genuine and 
you will take no chances— 
weguaranteethat. Look for 
our trade-mark 
name plates on S82 
and pumping machinery. 
Kewanee Pumping Outfits 
Kewanee pumping outfits are furnished for any 
special pumping requirements. The same technical skill 
and practical knowledge required to develop and perfect 
complete Kewanee Systems, are devoted to the solution 
of individual pumping problems. 
No charge for expert engineering service. Let us 
help you solve your water probler- Write for our 
64-page illustrated catalogue No 36. . 
It is free. 
Kewanee Water Supply Company, Kewanee, I1linois 
1566 Hudson-Terminal Bldg., 50 Church St., New York City, N. Y. 
1212 Marquette Building, Chicago, Illinois. 
305 Diamond Bank Building, Pittsburg, Pa. 
“LANE’S BALL-BEARING” 
is the 
Send for Catalog 
‘ 
THE HEATING APPARATUS FOR 
THE SMALL COUNTRY HOUSE 
By Allne Frogner 
T is difficult to offer advice as to what 
method of heating a country house is best, 
or cheapest, or most suitable. Experts differ 
in their recommendations for the same problem. 
It may be either heated by a furnace, by a 
steam plant, or by hot water. I believe that 
for the average unpretentious country house, 
the old-fashioned furnace, or rather new- 
fashioned furnace, is advisable. Its defects 
may almost entirely be counteracted by a little 
foresight and intelligent care. A furnace can 
comfortably take care of a country house, in an 
exposed location, of dimensions about twenty- 
five by fifty-five, or thirteen hundred and 
seventy-five square feet, with a cellar and two 
and a half stories above. 
It is cheap—its initial cost is very much less 
that any steam or hot water plant that 
might be installed. A cottage costing, say, 
five thousand dollars can have a good furnace 
installed for one hundred and seventy-five to 
two hundred and fifty dollars; one that costs 
ten thousand dollars, a furnace for three hun- 
dred and fifty dollars. The furnace must 
never be an after consideration—for a great 
part of its success depends upon its having been 
carefully located at an early stage of the plan- 
ning of the house. It consists of a stove 
usually encased in iron. Fresh air is intro- 
duced near its foot, passes over the heated 
surface, and is carried by pipes up and around 
to the various distributing points, where it is 
admitted through the registers. Locate the 
furnace properly, naturally in the cellar, and 
near the middle of the house, or, even better, a 
little toward the quarter from where come the 
prevailing cold winds, so as to heat the colder 
portions of the house equally with the more 
protected ones. ‘The cellar should not be less 
than seven feet six inches in the clear, and 
much better eight feet, so there not only is 
plenty of room for the furnace, but also for 
the proper rise of the pipes leading from it to 
the various ducts going through the house. 
As the air which comes from the furnace 
not only is for heating purposes, but also is 
breathed, a furnace should always be provided 
with fresh air, taken through a duct from one 
of the cellar windows or inlets on the side of 
the prevailing cold winds; more preferably 
from two, on opposite sides communicating 
with each other, and both controlled by dam- 
pers, so that the fresh air intake may be con- 
trolled according to the severity of wind and 
weather. A very little care in the regulation 
of the dampers will teach their use. The 
mouths of the cold air ducts should be made 
as nearly tight as possible, so as not to admit 
dust for distribution throughout the house. 
From the top of the furnace pipes lead to 
the various ducts rising to the rooms above. 
‘The shorter the runs of these pipes or “leaders” 
in the cellar ceiling can be made the better. 
They should be sloped at least one-half inch 
to every foot, and should be round, allowing 
the least friction to the air, about fourteen 
inches in diameter, of IX tin or sufficiently 
heavy so as not to rust, and, if possible, wrapped 
with an asbestos paper. Smoke and gas may 
be sent up the furnace flue, if close to the fur- 
nace, and the connecting or smoke pipe prop- 
erly run. The galvanized iron smoke pipe 
should not be less than what is known in the 
trade as “sixteen gauge’”—even better “‘four- 
teen.” The flue itself should be surrounded 
on all sides by eight inches of brickwork 
(country contractors will often assure you 
that four inches is “perfectly safe’), and 
should further be lined with terra cotta. Its 
size should be eight inches by twelve inches. 
The “leaders” connect with the registers 
of the first floor and the vertical tin pipes or 
