XXII 
AMERICAN HOMES AND GARDENS 
April, 1909 
SHIPPED YOU 
For Inspection 
NLESS your car has perfect lubrication, 
your gasoline is used for friction instead 
of miles ofspeed. T. 
MOBILOIL saves the wear of your car, the 
waste of gasoline, and most of the money that 
goes for repairs, 
Vacuum MOBILOIL is made in six dif- 
ferent grades to suit the 1] 
automobile made. One 
FREE 
ITHACA 
HALL 
CLOCK 
All Charges 
Prepaid 
We ship this clock direct 
from our factory to you 
upon receipt of your re- 
quest. We prepay charges. 
if itis not what you ex- 
pected or as represented, 
ship it to us, charges col- 
lect. Use it ten days and 
if satisfactory remit us its 
price, $29.50. 
Partial Payment 
Plan. If you prefer to 
pay for this clock by install- 
ments, remit us $8, and $3 
per month for eight months. 
This beautiful Colonial 
time-piece, exactly like photo- 
graph, cannot be duplicated 
elsewhere for several times the 
price we ask. We eliminate 
the profits of salesmen, 
jobbers .and retailers, 
and give you the benefit of 
this saving. An appropriate 
bi:thday or wedding gift. 
A hall clock is a treasure 
for any home. It lends a 
dignity to the home. 
DESCRIPTION 
Constructed of polished 
cherry, mahoganized or pol- 
ished, selected oak. 
Size—Height 7% ft., 
19 in., depth 11 in. 
Ornaments— Top orna- 
ments, brass, polished and 
lacquered. 
Doors—French Crystal. 
Dial—12% in. square, black, 
Arabic figures. 
ovement — Our standard 
heavy brass eight day move- 
ment. Polished brass 
visible pendulum. Strikes 
hours and balf-hours on 
soft-toned gong. 
Each clock is guar- 
anteed for 10 years. 
State if oak or mahog- 
anized cherry is wanted. 
If you would consider 
the purchase of this clock, 
write immediately, re- 
questing us to forward it 
to you free of all charges, 
For inspection, according to 
above terms. 
The Ithaca Calendar 
Clock Company 
14 Adams St.,Ithaca,N.Y. 
Established 1865 
Makers of the world- 
renowned Ithaca Calendar 
Clocks. 
width 
he use of Vacuum 
ubrication of every 
of these grades is 
eC 
exactly adapted to the needs of your car. 
Its use is an investment that saves expense, 
It will end forever your | 
ubrication troubles, 
and add to your pleasure and the life of your 
car, 
Write for free booklet showing grade of MOBILOIL adapted 
to tho use of every car. 
Gives track records to 
date, and money-saving motor hints 
VACUUM 
MOBILOIL 
in barrels and in cans with 
sold by dealers everywhere, 
VACUUM OIL C0., 
patent pouring spout, is 
Manufactured by 
Rochester, N. Y. 
Ls 
always be covered with asbestos or air-cell 
board and asbestos cement coating in order 
that heat shall not be lost in the cellar. 
The average boiler—an “Ideal” is an excel- 
lent one—costs for a $10,000 house from 
$175 to $200. ‘To be both economical and 
satisfactory, it should be sufficiently large and 
of few and simple parts. It should offer the 
least possible resistance to free circulation. It 
should be stronger than any strain which 
might be placed upon it, and should have a 
spacious iron firebox with a water space around 
it and set deep below the fire door. The water 
line in the boiler should at least be set two 
feet below the main horizontal flow pipe. 
Having these qualifications, it should be as 
easy to run as a furnace. You can regulate 
the boiler so that it will run itself at least for 
eight hours. Its consumption of coal in the 
supposed $10,000 house is from one and one- 
half to two tons a week. Small or large egg 
coal is the best —the large furnace coal does 
not give as good results. “The best types of 
boilers are, further. those that can be cleaned 
regularly. The tubes through which the hot 
gases pass to warm the water in the boiler 
should be cleaned with the flue brush every 
week. It may be done in a few minutes, while 
fire is on. If they are not cleaned the tubes 
fill with soot, one of the best non-conductors, 
and the gases pass through to the chimney 
without heating the water. 
Every good boiler is provided with an au- 
tomatic device consisting of a rubber dia- 
phragm on which the steam acts and which 
controls the ashpit door and check draft in the 
smoke pipe. As the pressure rises during the 
night, the ashpit door closes, shutting down 
the draft, the check door opens, cold air 
rushes in, the pressure goes down and is held 
constant. ‘This continues regulating itself for 
about eight hours. If the automatic damper 
regulator device is not used or supplied on the 
boiler, what will happen is the following: 
‘The fire is banked high in the evening, slowly 
it becomes hotter and the pressure rises in the 
boiler to its limit; after about three hours fire 
and pressure go down, the coal is exhausted, 
and recoaling becomes necessary, or if omitted, 
the house is cold in the morning and the fire 
out. 
A two-pipe system is not necessary for an 
efficient steam plant. It certainly is better 
and also costs about one-eighth more, owing 
to the additional piping and labor. If, how- 
ever, a single pipe is used and the pipe is 
properly graded, I would, especially in houses 
where the substitution by steam of an old, 
inadequate furnace is contemplated, recom- 
mend a single pipe system. The cutting and 
fitting in walls and floors is much less serious. 
All supply pipes and returns should be 
covered with a protecting and non-conducting 
material. A cheap “paper wrapping” is often 
suggested by the contractor. This is practi- 
cally worthless. By proper covering, a sav- 
ing in fuel and addition of heat is very soon 
obtained. Good covering of air-cell, asbestos 
or mineral wool, sewed into a painted canvas 
jacket, very soon pays for itself. 
Insist upon every pipe, as well as every 
radiator, being separately controlled by a 
valve, and that dampers shall control all air 
connections. In a hot water plant it is espe- 
cially important that each line should, in the 
cellar, have its separate valves and “draw-off 
cock,” so that the special faulty line may be 
drained. A steam leak you hear hissing, but 
hot water you do not hear until the flood 
comes. 
A hot water plant differs from a steam 
plant in having somewhere in the top of the 
house, above the highest point supplying heat, 
an expansion tank. Every twenty gallons 
of water becomes twenty-one gallons in going 
from cold water to 212 degrees, or the boiling 
The most important 
thing in buying aham- 
mock or hammock- 
couch is to look for the 
name PATTERSON. 
For ‘‘Patterson,’’ ona 
hammock or couch, 
stands for gua/ity and 
value, and is a guar- 
anty of strength, 
safety, style and lasting 
satisfaction. “If it’s 
by Patterson—you take no chances.” 
|Piatterson 
The Patterson Hammock-Couch can be used 
with or without a mattress. Has pocket attached. 
Valance can be tied up to forma back rest or wind 
shield, making it the only complete couch. With 
both sides tied up you have a cosy nest for baby. 
There is safety in Patterson Hammocks. 
Ask the dealer for Patterson Guaranteed Ham- 
mocks and Couches. Don’t take a substitute. 
If he can’t show the PATTERSON, with the 
name on, + 
write us 
and we 
will see 
that you 
are sup- 
plied. 
Write for 
illustrated 
book “Hammock 
Comfort.” 
Indiana Avenue and A Street 
Patterson Mfg. Co. Dept H, Philadelobia 
Makers of guaranteed hammocks since 1887 
Send for 7 
THIS 
BOOK 
TO-DAY 
This book‘‘Modern 
Bathrooms’’ will show %& 
you how to make your * 
bathroom the mo:t modern 
and comfortable room in 
vour house. It explains how 
a modern bathroom adds an 
actual cash value to your home out 
of all proportion to the low cost cf installation. “ 
“Modern Bathrooms’ tells you how to plan, buy 
and arrange your bathroom and illustrates many 
beautiful and inexpensive as well as luxurious rooms. 
It shows the cost of each fixture in detail together 
with many hints on decoration, tiling, etc., an 
gives expert information on kitchen, laundry, and 
toilet room equipment. _ If your home is a source of 
pride to you, you want this book. 
Write for a copy TO-DAY. Enclose six 
cents for postage, and give us name of 
your architect and plumber, if selected. 
Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co. 
Dept. 23 Pittsburgh, Pa., U.S.A, 
For Five Dollars 
American Homes and Gardens 
and Scientific American 
SENT TO ONE ADDRESS 
FOR ONE YEAR 
Regularly Six Dollars 
By 
Stenches 
From 
Backyard 
Debris 
Are conditions at the 
back of your house as at- 
- tractive as inthis picture? 
Why not look up The Stephenson Method now, and if saris- 
fied protect the health of the family by installing The Stephenson 
UNDERGROUND GARBAGE RECEIVER 
which removes all objections of the old swill-tub nuisance. 
Sold direct Send for Circular 
Cc. H. STEPHENSON, Mir. 
21 Farrar Street Lynn, Mass. 
