pe AMERICAN HOMES AND GARDENS August, 1909 
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mm Practical Steam and === 
Hot Water Heating and Ventilation 
By ALFRED G. KING 
402 Pages. Containing 304. Illustrations 
Price $3.00 
An original and exhaustive treatise, prepared for the use of all engaged 
in the business of Steam, Hot Water Heating and Ventilation 
HE standard and latest book published. Tells how to get heating contracts, 
how to install heating and ventilating apparatus. Describes all of the prin- 
cipal systems of steam, hot water, vacuum, vapor and vacuum-vapor heating, 
together with the new accellerated systems of hot water circulation, including 
chapters on up-to-date methods of ventilation; fan or blower system of heating 
and ventilation; rules and data for estimating radiation and cost, and such other 
tables and information as make it an indispensable work for heating contractors, 
journeymen steam fitters, steam fitters’ apprentices, architects and builders. 
This work represents the best practice of the present day and is exhaustive in 
text, diagrams and illustrations. 
CONTAINING CHAPTERS ON I. Introduction. II. Heat. l1I. Evolution of Artificial Heating Ap- 
paratus. IV. Boiler Surface and Settings. V. The Chimney Flue. 
VI. Pipe and Fittings. VII. Valves, Various Kinds. VIII. Forms of Radiating Surfaces. IX. Locating of 
Radiating Surfaces. X. Estimating Radiation. XI. Steam-Heating Apparatus. XII. Exhaust-Steam Heat. 
ing. XIII. Hot-Water Heating. XIV. Pressure Systems of Hot-Water Work. XV. Hot-Water Appliances. 
XVI. Greenhouse Heating. XVII. Vacuum Vapor and Vacuum Exhaust Heating. XVIII. Miscellaneous 
Heating. XIX. Radiator and Pipe Connections. XX. Ventilation. XXI. Mechanical Ventilation and Hot- 
Blast Heating. XXII. Steam Appliances XXIII. District Heating. XXIV. Pipe and Boiler Covering. 
XXV. Temperature Regulation and Heat Control. XXVI. Business Methods. XXVII. Miscellaneous. 
XXVIII. Rules, Tables and Useful Information. t 
Valuable Data and Tables Used for Estimating, Installing and Testing of Steam and Hot-Water and Ventilating Apparatus are Given 
MUNN & COMPANY, PUBLISHERS, 361 BROADWAY, NEW YORK CiTY 
: and Scientific American 232 
{0} 
large and as rich and as marketable as the 
Japanese. 
I have myself quite as much hope of the 
American pawpaw, a thoroughly hardy fruit, 
to be found in the lowlands of Ohio, Indiana 
and Michigan. This little tree is adaptable 
to our upland soils if we will mulch it well, 
and see that it is supplied with sufficient water 
in dry spells. The fruit is about half the size 
of a banana, and a good sort is equal to the 
best clotted cream. Here again we have to 
eliminate large seeds, and it can be done. It 
is very probable that there are extra choice 
persimmons and pawpaws in the hands of pri- 
vate parties, and not yet reported to experi- 
ment stations or the Washington Department 
of Agriculture—as all such things should be. 
It is almost a criminal affair to let choice fruits 
be lost to the public. 
It is a curious fact that while we have 
sweet apples and sour apples, we have in the 
orange stock never known of anything but 
more or less sour oranges. I have lately come 
upon a seedling which is absolutely sweet, 
without a trace of citric acid. The flavor is 
high, the orange heavy and rind sufficiently 
thin, and it seems quite probable that we are 
to have a race of sweet oranges developed. A 
seedling lemon, started in Baltimore, I think, 
grows a fruit weighing from one to two 
pounds each. ‘This fruit will probably dis- 
place the old lemon, although I am not quite 
sure that the size will not prove too large for 
the market. The quality of this lemon is 
superb, and a tree hanging full of the fruit 
is equal to a grapefruit tree in beauty. 
The lime has been known in market as an 
insignificant fruit in size, but now we have 
a lime about three times the size of the old 
one, with a thin skin and most delicious 
quality. This lime ought to displace all others 
very quickly, as it will grow on all sorts of 
citrus stock. Another semi-tropical fruit of 
which we expect great improvement is the 
loquat. It is already doubling in size. It is 
pear-shaped with the flavor of a cherry. It 
probably will not become a market fruit to 
any extent in the North, because easily 
bruised. It ought to be shipped in crates like 
currants and berries. 
There is a lot of work still to be done in 
the berry fields. As long as we have had the 
red raspberry under cultivation we have not 
yet secured a thoroughly good all-round 
market berry. “The Loudon would be about 
the thing if it were not so quick to melt down. 
It serves well as a home fruit. ‘The purple 
berries, especially the Shaffer, do not quite 
please the popular taste, although they are 
pretty nearly ideal in quality and size. The 
Golden Queen is a little better than Cuth- 
bert which is red, but off in color. It does 
not kill back quite so readly in winter as its 
mate. My own Silver Queen is hardier and 
every way finer, if the canes are tall enough. 
We will have to see about that. 
At any rate, we need a lot of thorough work 
in the way of improving our red raspberries. 
It will have to be based on the Cuthbert, as 
all in all the nearest to an ideal. We must, 
however, have a hardier berry, and we can im- 
prove the flavor. The black raspberry is 
already brought to perfection in the Cumber- 
land, and two or three more varieties. “The 
blackberry is also about right for garden work 
in King Philip and Eldorado. I am not sure 
that we have any better strawberry for gen- 
eral cultivation than Wm. Belt, and yet the 
Wm. Belt has been grown for about fifteen 
years. ‘“‘Better” sorts are sent out each year, 
but for a combination of prolific bearing, 
good size, fine flavor and good shape we have 
hardly the superior of that old sort. It is a 
grand field, however, for trial. It looks as 
if we should be dissatisfied without we could 
