November, 1909 
ings of this material, which remained erect and 
intact while other buildings were destroyed in 
the catastrophes of San Francisco and Mes- 
sina. 
A NEW KIND OF ILLUMINATING GAS 
HAT is known as the De Laitte sys- 
W tem of lighting houses with gas has 
attracted not a little attention in Eu- 
rope. Private electric light, coal, or kerosene 
gas plants, because of their very large initial 
cost, cannot always be installed. Since gaso- 
line has come into fairly common use and is 
obtainable almost everywhere, a French in- 
ventor, M. Benoit de Laitte, has devised a 
method of generating gas from _ gasoline. 
When gasoline vapor is passed into pipes hav- 
ing a temperature lower than that at which 
the evaporation is accomplished, some of the 
gasoline will recondense into liquid form. Be- 
cause the supply piping is underground and 
exposed to low temperature in winter, not a 
little trouble is thus caused. De Laitte has 
devised a carbureter which is intended com- 
pletely to vaporize gasoline in very cold 
weather without the application of heat. In 
it the temperature of evaporation falls as low 
as —17 deg. Fahr., which is far below the 
lowest winter temperature in most civilized 
countries. For this reason condensation is 
practically impossible. 
It has been found that air will absorb vari- 
able proportions of gasoline, depending upon 
the humidity of the atmosphere. To over- 
come this objection, De Laitte extracts all the 
moisture from the air, which is carefully kept 
from contact with water, and thus the air 
on carburetion is perfectly dry. Hence, a uni- 
form gas is produced without the possibility 
of variation. 
The principle of the De Laitte process con- 
sists in the fact that a measured quantity of 
gasoline is converted into vapor by a measured 
quantity of air passed in a brisk current over a 
large surface of gasoline. The particular part 
of the apparatus in which this is accomplished 
is the carbureter. The current of air is pro- 
duced by means of a drum, which induces a 
certain fixed quantity of air for each revolu- 
tion, and this movement is obtained by a gear 
in such a manner that for every cubic foot of 
air taken up, a fixed amount of gasoline is in- 
duced into the carbureter. By this means a 
gas of unvarying quality is obtained, and per- 
fect evaporation effected. 
The carburetion takes place in a flat metal 
tube of considerable width and small depth. 
The gasoline flows downward, covering a 
large surface, over which the rapid current of 
air is conducted. “The evaporation thus caused 
is so vigorous, that absolutely no residue is left 
when good gasoline is employed, even at a tem- 
perature many degrees below the freezing- 
point. The proper gas is collected in a small 
gosometer, which serves to regulate the pres- 
sure, and which acts on the driving power of 
the drum in such a way that when no gas is re- 
quired, the apparatus is stopped. 
Between thirty and forty towns are lighted 
apparatus is exceedingly small—a weight, 
water power, electricity, hot air, or a gas 
motor being employed. ‘The gas is burned 
with incandescent mantles, but in consequence 
of the exceedingly high temperature and com- 
bustion, the illuminating power is consider- 
ably increased. 
, Cattle Manure 
in Bags fuivorized 
Best and safest manure for florists and 
greenhouse use, absolutely pure, no waste, 
nodanger. Write for circular and prices. 
The Pulverized Manure Co. 
21 Union Stock Yards, Chiocage. 
AMERICAN HOMES AND GARDENS 
Cut out your doctor’s bills and promote your family’s health and comfort by 
installing a 
HOWARD THERMOSTAT 
WITH CLOCK ATTACHMENT 
Easily applied to all heating plants. Automatically keeps your home at an even, health- 
ful temperature all winter long. 
If you prefer to have your house cooler at night than during the day, the Clock Attacnm:: 
saves you the trouble of ‘‘getting up early to turn onthedrafts.”” Upon retiring, y 
clock and alarm springs, set the alarm-hand about one hour in advance of rising time,a 
the pointer to the temperature desired for the night. At the hour set, the pointer silently 
moves up to the temperature desired for the day. The motor then makes the correct adjust- 
ment of draft and check, and when you arise the house will be at the desired temperature. 
Guaranteed for 10 years. Thousands in use more than 25 years. 
Coal saved pays for it; therefore it costs you nothing. The most reliable and most perfect 
heat.controlling device ever placed on the market. 
Howard Thermostats Are Sold by Heating Men 
and Electricians Everywhere 
If you will kindly send us the nameand address of your furnace man, 
_ Steamfitter or electrician, we will send you our booklet No. 18, which 
: gives complete details about the Howard Thermostat. Write to-day. 
HOWARD THERMOSTAT CO., 354 W. Ist St., Oswego, N.Y. 
New England Office: 188 Franklin Street, Boston, Mass. 
New York City Office: 143 Liberty Street, Wm. A. Kitts, Jr., Manager, 
Canadian Representative: The Gurney Foundry Co., Ltd., Toronto, Can. 
IZ. 
= HT 
COMPLETE Geet 
as 
Do you live in an iceberg? 
Is the temperature of your 
home in zero or high-windy 
weather so uneven and 
drafty as to make a hard- 
ened arctic explorer shiver 
and long for the Frozen 
North? The extreme cold 
is not so trying as is the 
uneven warmth, the drafti- 
ness, and the dampness of 
the average home. These 
conditions can forever be 
corrected by putting in an 
outfit of 
RICAN [DEAL 
Rp IDEAL Boilers and AMERICAN 
HOS BOILERS Radiators for Hot-Water, Vacuum, 
or Low-Pressure Steam heating will give you just the degree of tem- 
perature you want no matter what the weather conditions. 
The Ideal Sylphon Regulator supplied with all IDEAL Steam Boilers is the great- 
est improvement made in acentury in controlling draft and check dampers, for sure 
heating, to stop fuel waste, and prevent fluctuations in the temperature of the 
rooms above. Our complete catalog tells of other equally 
important features. 
Whether your cottage, house, store, building, church, 
etc., is OLD or new, farm or city, do not delay inves- 
tigating this best investment feature of any building. 
Saves fuel, labor, repairs—gives greatest comfort, protects 
the health, and insures household cleanliness, safety, and 
durability. Putin without disturbing old heating meth- 
ods until ready to start fire in the new. 
A No. 3-22 IDEAL Boiler and 600 ft. 
of 38-in. AMERICAN Radiators, 
costing the owner $255, were used to 
Hot-Water heat this cottage. 
At this price the goods can be bought 
of any reputable, competent Fitter. 
This did not include cost of labor, 
pipe, valves, freight, etc., which in- 
stallation is extra and varies accord- 
‘ng to climatic and other conditions. 
If the passage-ways in your home are at times as shivery as the 
land of Cook and Peary and stepping on bare floors is like cross- 
ing ice floes, you will enjoy our free book telling lots of things 
about our sure heating and its economies that it will pay you 
wellto know. Write to-day, describing kind of building you wish 
to heat. Showrooms and Warehouses in all large cities. 
AMERICANRADIATOR COMPANY 
Bo cS coca ca cho cho co ca cn cia ca cha cs cs cls cs ca cs cs cs cs chs cs ce 
Write Dept. 6 CHICAGO 
