PENANG MALAY. 
73 
sénnyap “to be or become silent” séngap 
hiawak “monitor lizard ” bewak 
séntul “an edible fruit ” sétul 
aniaya “to do an injustice ” naya 
buaya Tamecrocodiler: boya 
suara “a voice ” sora 
siapa “who ” sapa 
harap “face downwards ” terap 
pelihara ; Loe nurture, brine up 2 plera 
chéndana “ sandalwood ” chénana 
mémbachang “the horse mango” machang 
péendar “ phosphorescence ” péenar 
témbelok “a boring marine worm” témelok 
prat-prjat ie ay DULL Agg pejat 
4. The use of certain peculiar idioms and idiomatic construc- 
tions. 
One of the most common idiomatic constructions employed 
in the sense of “in the middle of doing something” is the use of 
dok a contraction of dudok, “to sit.” 
, Elsewhere the word dalam, “in,” téngah, “in the middle of,” 
or sédang, “ whilst, *? would be used to emphasise the fact that a - 
person was in the act of doing something; or else the sentence 
would be introduced by such a word as masa, “ at the time when”; 
or the state of action would be understood from the context, or 
even expressed by ada in the sense of “ was.” 
In Penang a sentence such as 
“J was in the house at the time,” would be, Kétika tu saya dok 
ada di-rumah i.e. Kétika tu “ at the time,” saya “1,” dok ada “ was 
in the act or state of being,” di-rumah “ in the house.” 
“JT was (in the middle of) eating when he arrived.” Bila di 
sampar, saya dok makan nasi. 
“The ship is (in the act of) coming.’ Kapar dok mat. 
“ As I was (in the act of) going he was coming.” 
dok maa. 
Saya dok pi dia 
“A policeman was standing up at the cross roads.” Mata-mata 
dok térpachak di-képala sempang. 
“T have been ill for a long time.” Saya dok sakit bérapa lama:— 
dok sakit “ have been in a state of illness.” 
“ He is always playing.” Dia dok main siang malam :— 
dok main ‘ 
‘in the midst of play.” 
Another unusual construction is the use of the prefix pé to 
indicate an active sense instead of the more usual suffix kan 
larikan or mélarikan, “to run off with,’ becomes in Penang 
pélarr. 
R. A. Soc., No. 85, 1922. 
