272 NOTES ON DIPTEROCARPS. 
with a distribution from Ceylon to New Guinea, and northwards 
as far as the eastern extremity of the Himalaya. More or less in 
the middle of the area occupied by Vaticas occurs Pachynocarpus. 
From the species of Vatica nearest to it, the first described 
Pachynocarpus,—P. umbonatus—differs in the degree of adnation 
of the calyx, as the diagrams above indicate. 
Upon this adnation Hooker defined the genus: and in 1862 
in the Genera Plantarum (1., p. 192), he remarked succinctly that 
Pachynocarpus differs in no other way from Vatica, of which 
genus but seven species were known to him. Alphonse de Candolle 
in 1868 (Prodromus, XVI, part 2, p. 605) retained Pachyno- 
carpus, altering the definition by pointing out that the stamens 
may be 15 in number, instead of 10, as had been stated. Burck, 
nineteen years later (Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. VI, 1887, p. 223), 
sunk the genus to the position of a section of Vatica, at the same 
time describing as a new species Vatica verrucosa. :Heim fol- 
lowed (Recherches sur les Diptérocarpacées, Paris, 1892, p. 107) 
with the restoration of Pachynocarpus, and with a sunviinie: ion of 
Vatica. Sir George King (Journ. As. Soc. Beng., UXII, 1893, 
p- 136) took Heim’s view; and at the same time he transferred 
Vatica Wallichvi, Dyer, and Vatica ruminata, Burck, to Pachyno- 
carpus, in a way which we find wrong, and he added a new species, 
—P., Stapfianus. Sir Dietrich Brandis, the last comprehensive 
writer upon the order, followed swit (Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 
XXXI, 1895, p. 136'): he placed the species as King had done, 
except that he did not reduce Vatica ruminata, but called it Pachy- 
nocarpus ruminatus. He had described a Vatica Ridleyana. . 
(Hooker’s Icones t. 2401), which, from its obviously close rela- 
tionship to Vatica Wallichu, Dyer, Ridley in the Singapore her- 
barium, and as a follower King, transferred to the genus 
Pachynocarpus; and this transference appeared in Mr. James 
Anderson’s “Index of Plants, Botanic Gardens, Singapore” as 
P. Ridleyana, but wrongly ascribed to Brandis. The result of all 
these writings 1s that we have six names under Pachynocarpus :— 
P. umbonatus, Hook. f.; 
P. verrucosus, Heim, transferred from the genus Vatica, where it 
stood as .V verrucosa, Burck ; 
~P. Wallichii, King, including Vatica Wallichti, Dyer; 
P. Stapfianus, King; 
P. ruminatus, Brandis, submerged from V. ruminata, Burek, by 
King into P. Wallicitu, but restored to Pachynocarpus by 
Brandis; and 
P. Ridleyanus, J. W. Anderson, transferred from Vatica Ridleyana, 
Brandis. 
Burck had described a Vatica obtusa (l.c., p. 228) placing it 
next to V. rumimata with the remark “anne rectius V. ruminatae 
varietas.” If so near V. ruminata as that and if V. ruminata is 
a species of Pachynocarpus, then so also must this species be; and 
therefore we may have seven to deal with. 
Jour. Straits Branch 
