seals were broken immediately upon withdrawal from cold storage 
and after 4 days of ripening. 
When examined after 4+ days of ripening at 65° F., fruit in film 
liners opened immediately following storage possessed a crisp, juicy 
texture and an excellent flavor and was superior in dessert quality to 
any packed without film liners. All lots of apples were golden in 
color after 8 days at 65° F. Those in opened film liners were free from 
visible shrivel, fresh in appearance, Juicy, and crisp to yielding in 
texture. Difference in flavor between the above-mentioned fruit and 
that packed without film liners was not as great after 8 days as after 
4 days of ripening. But fruit without film protection was inferior 
after 8 days at 65° to that packed in any of the various films chiefly 
because of the amount of shrivel and toughness of texture. 
Respiration rates of Golden Delicious apples at 65° F. immediately 
following removal from cold storage in various packing media, are 
given in figure 9. With the exception of the lot previously sealed in 
Phiofilm 100 HP, respiratory activity of the fruit during ripening 
was not influenced by previous packaging methods. This fact would 
indicate that differences in such factors as shrivel, texture, and flavor 
probably bear little relationship to respiratory intensity of the fruit 
during ripening at room temperature. 
When the packed fruit was ripened for 4 days before the sealed 
film liners were opened, there were no abnormal odors present when 
the seals were broken. Fruit in Phofilms 80 FM1, 80 HP, and poly- 
ethylene 150 possessed an excellent texture and flavor; its delicate 
varietal flavor and crisp texture was similar to that immediately 
after removal from 31°. Fruit in the Phofilm 100 HP had an excel- 
lent texture but flavor was impaired; it had a slightly anaerobic flat 
taste. This is not surprising, since, as shown in table 11, this fruit 
had been devoid of oxygen for 2 days before the sealed carton was 
opened. 
When the above lots of fruit were again examined after 8 days at 
65° F., those in all of the film liners except Pliofilm 100 HP had a crisp, 
juicy texture, an excellent flavor, anda fresh appearance. Comparable 
fruit packed without film in the cell carton or in the standard wooden 
apple box showed considerable shrivel; it had a “punky” feel and a 
dessert quality inferior to the film-packaged lots. The fruit in Plio- 
film 100 HP at this time was very mealy in texture and lacked the 
characteristic taste of the variety. After 2 weeks at 65°, fruit without 
film liners was badly shriveled, mealy, and definitely lacking in varietal 
flavor. That stored in all types of sealed film except Phofilm 100 HP 
was yielding in texture and still of acceptable dessert quality; it was 
only shghtly shriveled. 
The data on fruit ripening show the existence of a margin of safety 
of at least 4 days in the holding of Golden Delicious apples at room 
temperature in certain sealed film liners. In order to avoid possible 
injury to the fruit, perforation of the sealed film is recommended upon 
withdrawal from cold storage ; this is especially urgent when unsuper- 
vised handling at retail is likely to occur. Golden Delicious apples 
can be safely packed and cold stored in sealed liners of Pliofilm 80 FM1 
and 80 HP, and in polyethylene 150. The appearance, condition, and 
dessert quality of fruit destined for long storage will be improved by 
the use of these films. 
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