THE TERRAPIN SCALE. 51 



The male larva stops growth one day before the second molt, after 

 which it shrinks and tends to assume a cylindrical form. The 

 amount of this shrinkage, as is shown, averages 0.16 mm. in length 

 and about 0.137 mm. in width. As a result of this shrinkage the 

 edges of the puparium extend beyond the larva like the eaves of a 

 roof. 



Table XXXII. — Shrinkage of 13 male larvae of the terrapin scale during the last day of 



the second instar, 1913. 



July 27 



July: 



Difference. 



Average, length. 

 Average width . 



Mm. 

 2.17 

 1.075 



Mm. 

 2.01 

 .9375 



Mm. 

 0.16 

 .1375 



The author's observations indicate that both sexes make the 

 second molt at the same time and that they spend the same number 

 of days in the second instar. 



The Puparium. 



The puparium is a transparent protective covering under which 

 the male passes the third, fourth, and part of the fifth instar. It is 

 secreted by' dorsal wax pores during the second instar (PI. II, a, e), 

 and has the same dimensions as the full-grown larva, but owing to 

 the shrinking of the larva the puparium at the end of the second 

 instar is the larger. This structure is held in place by elastic bands 

 which extend from points upon its edges to the leaf below. The 

 largest of these is attached directly in front of the head. The orna- 

 mentation of the puparium consists of 2 longitudinal lines, 3 cross- 

 lines, and a spear-shaped notch, which coincide in position at the 

 time of its secretion with the anal plates and anal cleft of the larva. 

 The longitudinal lines extend from the anterior end of the anal notch 

 in mildly diverging curves anteriorly to a termination on the lateral 

 edges near the position of the eye-spots of the larva. The cross lines, 

 which are broken, are located at the middle and on the anterior and 

 posterior thirds. 



In this species the puparium is always placed upon the underside 

 of the leaf (PI. Ill, fig. 3) and never upon the twigs. In this it differs 

 from Eulecanium corni Bouche, which frequently has puparia upon 

 the twigs. Twenty-four puparia taken at Mont Alto, Pa., during 1912, 

 had the following sizes: Length, maximum 1.725 mm., minimum 

 1.443 mm., average 1.641 mm.; width, maximum 0.825 mm., minimum 

 0.54 mm., average 0.707 mm. The puparia of 1913 in the same 

 orchard were slightly larger; 13, measured July 28, averaged in length 

 1.706 mm. and in width 0.778 mm. 



