SPOILAGE OF FRESH FRUITS AND VEGETABLES 



39 



Inspections were made on 414 carlots, or 5 percent of all rail un- 

 loads. Distribution of decay 17 within them was as follows: 



Carlots in indicated Carlots in indicated 



decay class decay class 



Decay Class (percent) : dumber Percent Decay class (percent) — Number Percent 



193 46.6 Continued 



Trace-4 158 38.2 15-19 5 1.2 



5-9 48 11.6 20-24 2 .5 



10-14 8 1.9 



Decay, averaging 3.8 percent per carlot showing decay, was found 

 in 221 carlots, or 53 percent of those inspected. Distribution of decay 

 by types was as follows: 



Distribution Distribution 



Average Average 



Carlots per carlot Carlots per carlot 



Kind of decay: {number) {percent) Kind of decay — Con. {number) {percent) 



Bacterial soft rot 123 2.6 Bacterial spot 5 3.0 



Cottony leak .__ 46 4.7 Cladosporium rot _ _ 2 1.0 



Watery soft rot 76 2.8 Other decay 31 2.7 



A summary of all cucumber inspections is presented in table 25. 

 Decay per carlot inspected was lowest (1.1 percent) in 1939 and highest 

 (3.2 percent) in 1936 and averaged 2.0 percent for the entire 7-year 

 period. Bacterial soft rot was the greatest single factor of spoilage. 



Table 25. — Summary of cucumber inspections, 1935-42 

 ANALYSIS BY YEARS 





Carlots 

 inspected 



Per- 

 centage 

 of car- 

 lots in- 

 spected 

 show- 

 ing 

 decay 



Average decay > per carlot inspected 



Year or State 



Per- 

 centage 

 of New 

 York 

 City 

 rail un- 

 loads 



Total 



Total of 

 decays 



Bac- 

 terial 

 soft rot s 



Cot- 

 tony 

 leak 3 



Watery 

 soft rot * 



Bac- 

 terial 

 spot 5 



Clado- 

 sporium 

 rot 6 



Other 

 decay 



1935 



Percent 

 13 

 10 

 10 

 5 

 1 

 2 

 2 

 3 



Num- 

 ber 

 45 

 129 

 101 

 67 

 17 

 15 

 16 

 24 



Percent 

 42 

 70 

 46 

 42 

 41 

 33 

 38 

 83 



Percent 

 1.5 

 3.2 

 1.7 

 1.2 

 1.1 

 1.5 

 1.2 

 2.4 



Percent 

 0.1 

 1.0 

 1.0 

 .6 

 .4 

 .5 

 .3 

 .8 



Percent 







1.2 

 .2 

 .4 





 .2 

 .4 

 .3 



Percent 

 1.2 

 .8 

 .4 

 .1 

 



.7 

 

 .2 



Percent 









 .1 

 .1 

 .1 















Percent 

 

 

 

 Trace 

 

 

 

 



Percent 

 0.2 



1936 



.2 



1937 



Trace 



1938 . 







1939 



1940 



.6 

 .1 



1941... 



.5 



1942.. 



1.1 



Total 



5 



414 



53 



2.0 



.8 



.5 



.5 



Trace 



Trace 



.2 



ANALYSIS BY STATES 





10 

 9 



11 

 1 



54 



20 

 254 

 14 

 15 

 37 

 74 



45 

 51 

 43 

 21 

 84 

 58 



1.1 

 1.6 

 1.2 

 1.5 

 5.6 

 2.4 



0.9 

 .7 

 .9 

 .1 



1.1 

 .9 



0.1 

 .2 





 .7 



2.7 

 .8 



0.1 

 .5 

 .3 







1.6 

 .4 





 Trace 





 .3 





 Trace 





 Trace 













 Trace 







Florida .. 



.2 



Louisiana 



South Carolina 



Texas 





 .4 

 .2 





.3 









Total 





414 



53 



2.0 



.8 



.5 



.5 



Trace 



Trace 



.2 









1 Bacterial spot included with decay. 



2 Caused hy Erwinia carotovora. 



3 Caused by Pythium aphanidermatum. 



17 Bacterial spot included with decay. 



4 Caused by Sclerotinia spp. 



5 Caused by Pseudomonas lachrymans. 



6 Caused by Cladosporium cucuiiurinu . 



