42 



CIRCULAR 7 73, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



From table 27, in which all escarole inspections are summarized, it 

 will be seen that decay per carlot inspected ranged from 4.5 to 16.5 

 percent and averaged 8.4 percent. Most of the decay w T as bacterial 

 soft rot, which varied rather widely in amount from year to year. 

 Watery soft rot was more prevalent in 1938 and 1940 than in the other 

 years. 



Table 27. — Summary of escarole inspections, 1935-42 l 





Carlots inspected 



Percent- 

 age of 

 carlots 

 inspected 

 showing 

 decay 



Average decay per carlot inspected 



Year 



Percent- 

 age of 

 New 

 York 

 City rail 

 unloads 



Total 



Total 

 of decays 



Bacte- 

 rial soft 

 rot 2 



Watery 

 soft rot 3 



Other 

 decay 



1935 



Percent 



100 



3 



2 



5 



10 



13 



10 



20 



Number 

 4 

 13 

 10 

 26 

 50 

 69 

 45 

 105 



Percent 

 50 

 77 

 40 

 65 

 52 

 67 

 42 

 58 



Percent 

 15.0 

 14.5 



9.5 

 16.5 



4.5 

 13.9 



4.5 



5.1 



Percent 

 15.0 

 14.1 



9.5 

 15.0 



4.5 

 10.0 



4.4 



4.7 



Percent 















1.5 







3.6 

 .1 

 .3 



Percent 

 



1936 



.4 



1937 







1938 







1939 







1940 



.3 



1941 







1942 



.1 







Total 



9 



322 



57 



8.4 



7.3 



1.0 



.1 







i All from Florida. 



2 Caused by Erwinia carotovora. 



Caused by Sclerotinia spp. 



Lettuce 



Nearly 68,000 carlots of lettuce were unloaded during the 7-year 

 period. Seventy percent were rail shipments from a number of 

 States, chiefly California and Arizona; approximately 93 percent of 

 the rail unloads originated in the States covered by the present inspec- 

 tions. The remaining 30 percent of all unloads were truck shipments 

 from a number of nearby and South Atlantic States; New York 

 (Long Island and elsewhere) and New Jersey were by far the most 

 important of them. 



Inspections were made on 24,737 carlots, or approximately 52 

 percent of all rail unloads. Distribution of decay 18 within them 

 was as follows: 



Carlots in indicated 

 decay class 



Decay class (percent) : Number Percent 



7,876 31.8 



Trace-4 4,169 16.9 



5-9 2,978 12.0 



10-14 2,511 10.1 



15-19 1,704 6. 9 



20-24 1,380 5.6 



25-29 1,053 4.3 



30-34 776 3.1 



35-39 629 2.5 



40-44 431 1.7 



45-49 313 1.3 



Decay class (percent)- 

 Continued 



50-54 



55-59- 



60-64 



65-69 



70-74 



75-79 



80-84 



85-89 



90-94 



95-99 



Carlots in indicated 

 decay class 



Number Percent 



222 

 162 

 131 

 97 

 71 

 67 

 73 

 30 

 46 

 18 



0.9 

 .7 

 .5 

 .4 

 .3 

 .3 

 .3 

 . 1 

 . 2 

 . 1 



Decay, averaging 16.8 percent per carlot showing decay, was found 

 in 16,861 carlots, or 68 percent of those inspected. Distribution 

 of decay by types was as follows: 



18 Tipburn included with decay. 



