SPOILAGE OF FRESH FRUITS AXD VEGETABLES 



45 



cent of all such rail unloads. Mold or decay was reported from 42 

 percent of those inspected (table 29). Mold accounted for about 

 half of the spoilage. Rhizopus rot, alternaria rot. and cladosporium 

 rot, in the order named, were next in importance. For the entire 4 

 years spoilage averaged 4.3 percent per carlot inspected. 



Table 29. — Summary of muskmelon inspections, 1933-35 and 1941 



CANTALOUPS ■ 





Carlots 

 inspected 



Per- 

 cent- 

 age of 





Average mold or decay per carlot inspected 





























Per- 





carlots 





















cent- 





in- 



















Year 



age of 

 New 

 York 

 City 



rail 

 un- 

 loads 



Total 



spected 

 show- 

 ing 

 mold 



or 

 decay 



Total 



of 



decays 



and 



mold 



Al- 

 ter- 

 naria 



rot 2 



Clad- 

 ospo- 

 rium 

 rot 3 



Fusa- 

 rium 

 rot* 



Phy- 

 toph- 

 thora 

 rots 



Rhi- 

 zopus 

 rots 



Other 

 decay 



Mold ' 





Per- 



XllJU- 



Per- 



Per- 



Per- 



Per- 



Per- 



Per- 



Per- 



Per- 



Per- 





cent 



ber 



cent 



cent 



cent 



cent 



cent 



cent 



cent 



cent 



cent 



1933 



16 



389 



66 



8.3 



1.3 





0.7 





1.2 



0.6 



4.5 



1934 



49 



1,053 



39 



7.1 



.9 





.7 





.2 



.1 



5.2 



1935.. 



40 

 41 



827 

 1,025 



35 

 68 



3.7 

 8.0 



.4 



'"h'.'b 



.2 

 1.0 



671" 



.3 



1.3 



Trace" 



2.8 



1941 . 



5.1 







Total . 



36 



3,294 



50 



6.7 



.5 



.2 



. 7 



Trace 



. 7 



.1 



4.5 







HONEY DEW MELONS i 



1933. 



46 

 60 

 62 

 49 



800 

 1,124 

 1,335 



922 



53 

 27 

 29 

 66 



4.0 

 1.4 

 1.5 

 2.8 



1.2 



.7 



.4 



Trace 



"~6.T 



l.i 



0.3 



.1 



Trace 



.5 



~""6.T 



Trace 



2.1 

 .5 

 .5 



1.2 



0.2 

 Trace 



Trace" 



0.2 



1934... 



.1 



1935 



.3 



1941 .. 



Trace 







Total 



55 



4,181 1 41 



2.2 



.5 



.3 



.1 



.1 



1.0 



Trace 



.2 



HONEY BALL MELONS AND MIXED MELONS * 



1933 



32 

 73 

 75 



57 

 80 



63 



283 

 768 



748 



271 

 345 



56 

 44 

 36 



47 

 36 



7.5 

 5.1 

 2.4 



1.8 

 5.9 



1.3 

 .7 

 .3 



Trace" 



0.3 



1.7 



0.8 

 .3 

 .1 



.2 

 Trace 



~"6.Y 



1.9 

 .9 

 .5 



.3 



1.5 



0.5 

 .1 



3.0 



1934... 



3.1 



1935 



1.3 



1941: 

 Mixed 



1.0 



Honev Ball 



2.7 







Total . 



2,415 



42 



4.3 



.5 



.3 



.2 



.i 



.9 



.1 



2.2 



1 All from California, Arizona, and Colorado. 4 Caused by Fusarium spp. 



2 Caused by Alternaria spp. 5 Caused by Phytophthora spp. 



3 Caused by Cladosporium spp. 6 Caused by Rhizopus spp. 



7 Caused by the fungi responsible for the various decays; melons with both mold and decay were listed 

 under decay. 



8 All from California. 



On 



IONS 



Nearly 47,000 carlots of domestic onions were unloaded during the 

 7-year period. Approximately 42 percent were rail shipments, prac- 

 tically all of which originated in the States covered by the present in- 

 spections. About 40 percent were truck shipments, mostly from New 

 York, New Jersey, and Massachusetts. Boat shipments, chiefly from 

 Texas and California, accounted for 18 percent of the unloads. Nearly 

 700 carlots were imported by boat from Chile and Argentina. 



