SPOILAGE OF FRESH FRUITS AND VEGETABLES 7 



In the analysis by States it will be noted that except for six carlots 

 from New York and seven from Maryland all of known origin were 

 western apples, that is, grown in Washington, Oregon, or California. 

 Eastern and western fruit, therefore, cannot be compared, because 

 the sample of eastern fruit is too small. Most of the inspections 

 were made on Washington apples, for which the decay averaged 2.9 

 percent. Greatest spoilage (4.7 percent) occurred in California ship- 

 ments and least (0.5 percent) in the six carlots from New York. 

 Washing injury, internal break-down, scald, and bull's-eye rot were 

 found only in Oregon and Washington fruit. Bitter pit was most 

 prevalent in apples from California. 



In the analysis of Oregon and Washington data by months it is 

 seen that spoilage was greatest in May and least in September. 

 Blue mold rot followed the same pattern. Washing injury, except 

 for a trace in June, did not occur from Ma}' through August. Internal 

 break-down was found in greatest amount from March through May; 

 the greatest amount of scald was found from April through July. 

 Bull's-eye rot occurred from March through August, with greatest 

 amount in June. 



Apricots 



Practically all apricot unloads were rail shipments; 91 percent 

 came from California and most of the others from Washington. All 

 but a few arrived during June and July. 



Inspections were made on 182 carlots, or approximately 13 percent 

 of all rail unloads during the period. The distribution of decay 

 within them was as follows: 



Carlots in indicated Carlots in indicated 



decay class decay class 



Decav class (percent) : dumber Percent Decav class (percent) — Number Percent 



0__* 108 59.3 Continued 



Trace-4 67 36.8 10-14 1 0.6 



5-9 5 2.7 15-19 1 .6 



Decay, averaging 2.0 percent per carlot showing decay, was found 

 in 74 carlots, or 41 percent of those inspected. Distribution of decay 

 by types was as follows: 



Distribution Distribution 



Average Average 



Carlots per carlot Carlots per carlot 



Kind of decav: (number) (percent) Kind of decav — Con. (number) (percent) 



Brown rot _* 33 1.8 Gray mold' rot 19 1.7 



Rhizopus rot 42 1.4 Other decay 4 Trace 



A summary of all apricot inspections is given in table 2. Decay 

 per carlot inspected ranged from to 3.7 percent, with an average of 

 0.8 percent for the entire period. Rhizopus rot was reported in all 

 but 1 year and brown rot in all but 3. Gray mold rot was reported 

 during only 3 years. Three times as much decay was found in 

 apricots from California as in those from Washington. Brown rot 

 was not recorded from Washington. 



