SPOILAGE OF FRESH FRUITS AND VEGETABLES 5 



and fungus diseases and certain nonparasitic diseases and injuries are 

 included under decay for convenience of comparison and discussion. 

 AM) en this occurs attention is called to the fact in a footnote. 



Likewise included in the tables are the number of carlots inspected, 

 the percentage inspected of all rail unloads at New York City (ex- 

 pressed as the nearest whole number), and [the percentage of all 

 carlots inspected (also expressed as the nearest whole number) that 

 showed decay of any kind. 



In all tables the data are broken down by year of inspection. For 

 many commodities the}' are also broken down by State of origin. 

 When analysis is made by States, the data presented under "Un- 

 known" are based on certificates on which origin was not mentioned. 

 It is a fair assumption, however, that most of them came from one 

 of the States shown in the same table. Occasionally a further analysis 

 is made for all States or for certain specified ones by breaking the 

 data down on the basis of month of unloading at New York City. 



FRUIT INSPECTIONS 



Apples 



Approximately 65,000 carlots of apples were unloaded during the 

 7-year period. Nearly 61 percent were truck shipments from 15 

 States; the majority of these came from New York, New Jersey, and 

 Pennsylvania, Nearly 39 percent were rail shipments from 21 States; 

 about 63 percent of all domestic rail unloads, however, were from 

 Oregon and Washington. A few carlots were imported by boat from 

 New Zealand; nearly 300 carlots were rail shipments from Canada, 



Inspections were made on 3,265 carlots, or approximately 13 

 percent of all rail unloads. Distribution of decay ]0 within them was 

 as follows: 









Carlots in indicated 





Carlots in i 



indicated 





(percent) : 



decay class 



Decay class (percent) — 

 Continued • 



decay class 



Decav class 



Xumber Percent 



Xumber 



Percent 











629 19. 3 







Trace— 4__ 







1, 965 60. 2 



20-24 



10 



0. 3 



5-9 







520 15. 9 



25-29 



3 



. 1 



10-14 







106 3. 2 



30-34 



1 



Trace 



15-19 







31 1.0 









Decay, averaging 3.6 percent per carlo t showing decay, was found 

 in 2,636 carlots, or 81 percent of those inspected. Distribution 

 of decay by types was as follows: 



Distribution 



Distribution 



Average 



Carlots per carlot 



Kind of decav: (number) (percent) 



Blue mold rot 2,241 2.8 



Washing injury 177 4.9 



Internal break-down 321 2. 5 



Scald 133 3.9 



Kind of decay — Con. 

 Bitter pit 



Bull's-eye rot 



Gray mold rot 



Other decav 



Carlots 

 (number) 



93 

 179 

 105 

 145 



Average 

 per carlot 

 (percent) 



4. 5 

 2.0 

 1. 5 



. 7 



A summary of all apple inspections is presented in table 1. Decay 

 per carlot inspected ranged from 1.3 to 4.0 percent, with an average 



10 Throughout the discussion of apples decay includes types of market spoilage 

 not caused by parasites. These are washing injury, internal break-down, scald, 

 and bitter pit. 



