20 BULLETIN 614, U. 8S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Considering the orchardists in the North Yakima district’ who 
actually apply manure, regardless of method or crew used, it requires 
7.70 man hours and 13.93 horse hours to apply 4.78 tons per acre, 
at a cost of $11.20 for both material and labor, while in the Zillah 
district it requires 12.06 man hours and 20.73 horse hours to apply 
7.72 tons per acre at a cost of $17.71 for both material and labor. 
Considering only those orchardists in both districts who actually 
manure, it requires 9.65 man hours and 16.96 horse hours to apply 
6.09 tons per acre at a cost of $14.10 for material andlabor. Seventy- 
six per cent of all orchardists under mulch-crop management and 77 
per cent under clean-cultural management manure each year. 
However, considering the small amount of manure produced on the 
average ranch and the small acreage covered each year, much more 
was actually applied on the latter than on the former, the latter 
applying 6.74 tons and the former 4.99 tons per acre. 
Different methods are used in applying manure, some men using 
a sled and others a wagon for hauling purposes. -Manure is applied 
during the fall and winter months, usually being spread from the 
sled or wagon as the hauling is done. A few, however, put it in 
piles and spread it at their convenience. If there are certain trees 
which seem to need manure more than others, it is applied to these 
trees rather than spread uniformly throughout the orchard. Eighty 
per cent of the orchardists manuring each year use a one-man and 
two-horse crew, and 12 per cent use a one-man and one-horse crew. 
The remainder use a crew of two men and two horses. 
TaBLE XIII.—Number of hours and cost per acre required for manuring in orchards in 
Yakima Valley. 
Num- Hours. : Mate- 
Diciict ber of Labor vous rial | Total 
‘ rec- cost Pp cost. cost 
Under clean cultural-management: 
INORG Yi aikimaes ey eee he ee oe Re oe 43 6. 05 11. 00 $3. 16 4,02 $6. 03 $9.19 
ZA PEPE EPR er ae Ie eN ee Ra cyk vs ESE 32 10. 14 17. 29 os 13 6. 81 10. 21 15. 34 
North Yakima and Zillah................. 75 7.80 | 13.68 4. 00 5.21 7. 82 11. 82 
Under mulch-crop management: 
TICS ELEL aN C2 ets a ak hee A an A a re ; 21 6. 32 THe Sil 3. 28 3. 38 5. 07 8.35 
PONV EEN GLE A) das Mee eee LS Ske BE RSS MA SS ee ee 24 7.09 12. 37 3. 63 4.11 6.17 9. 80 
North WakimavandyAillahssseecese secon ee 45 6. 7: 11. 88 3. 46 ON 5. 66 9.12 
All orchards: 
IN Orth aikeimap ee a see acae ca eee eases 64 6. 14 11.10 3. 20 3. 81 5. 72 8. 92 
7 ANN GY a Pee ireaes erie mentor, Stn B/AURe yy An rae, 8 By 56 8. 83 15.18 4.48 5. 65 8. 48 12. 96 
3 3. 80 4, 67 7. O1 10. 81 
Table XIII shows that more manure is applied per acre in the 
Zillah than in the North Yakima district, also that 2 tons more are 
applied per acre on orchards under clean-cultural management than 
those under mulch-crop management. There is little difference in 
the time consumed in applying manure under the different conditions. 
