32 BULLETIN 614, U. 8. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
the seed makes $10.46 as a total annual labor and material charge 
per acre. There is an annual acre credit of $14.26 for the hay 
removed from the orchard and the value of the alfalfa when used 
in the orchard as a pasture. (See Pl. V.) 
TaBLE XX VI.—Prorated charge for harvesting the mulch crop where 45 records are con- 
sidered. 
Per acre. 
Number Val 
District. of fae 
. records. | Man- Horse- Cost Yield in| 2. a8y- 
hours. hours. EX tons. 
North Yakima....... Paps Ve |e eee 2.) 824576 .\2 P124803| 10885 2.19| $16.58 
PANES cons a. PRU TaDIR EMS CORA es gy +S RA eas ne 24 9. 57 8. 30 3. 64 1.15 12203 
INoLtheYakimarandeZillain ane eee eee 45 16. 66 10. 40 iy 713 1. 63 14. 26 
The estimated value per ton of hay given by the ranchers varies 
from $5 to $10. The majority in the North Yakima district, however, 
gave a value of approximately $8 per ton, those in the Zillah district 
gave a value of approximately $6 per ton. The estimated pasture 
value given in both districts varies considerably. However, the 
average value in the Zillah district, where a considerable number of 
men used a portion or all of their orchards for pasture, was estimated 
at approximately $10 per acre. (See Pl. V.) Where the 45 orchards 
under mulch-crop management are considered, the total annual labor 
and material charge is $10.46 per acre. The total annual hay and 
pasture credit is $14.26 per acre. Considering these two figures, the 
annual net credit is $3.80 per acre, or $0.0095 per box, on the. 45 
orchards under mulch-crop mangement. (See Table X XVII.) 
TABLE XXVII.—Annual prorated labor charge per acre up to harvesting time on 45 
orchards in which alfalfa is used as a mulch crop. 
Per acre. 
Operation, material, and credit. Coster 
Man- Horse- Cost ee 
hours. hours. fais 
Cultivatonee epee eeeee eee Pate gM Muir Nog 2 IE yey sia oe odie Ec ps mene ce ol 15. 10 $4. 37 $0. 0110 
SON Aare ind ORNS Sse i scke es Lose ROUB RR e see os ooboues Este suas ts o ADIs RS iennios . 03 . 0001 
iHanvestineymitll ChicChOp/s= yeep eeeeeee eee eee ee ee eRe ene ea 16. 66 10. 40 5. 73 . 0144 
Totals or COSte ae Ne is sare erat ie arya cee ere eens 25. 19 25. 50 10. 13 . 0255 
S126 DA epee Tare aS Ae OMEN Me Soul Oh RM ee ba Se! sail soi: 33 . 0008 
TotallaborandenatenialtcoStes sess sere eee ere ean ae 25.19 25. 50 10. 46 . 0263 
Jet Chav) ORIMON ORSON os aoc oaana bee eaoe cede Ao eooccos4odee sealsecosoeees| sens ssmonoos 14. 26 . 0358 
Netieredites 3 jst Ea pace epee aaa ae ee pe eee Coe ere | 3. 80 . 0095 
FURROWING. 
( 
Furrowing is a method of putting small furrows or ‘‘creases”’ 1n 
the orchards for the purpose of distributing the irrigation water. 
(See Pl. VI.) The most common implements used are the 6-foot 
