34 BULLETIN 614, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
The most economical method of making furrows is with the 6-foot 
cultivator, using a crew of one man and two horses. (See fig.6.) This 
crew will cover 9.9 acres in 10 hours, making the usual number of fur- 
rows, six, at a cost of $0.55 per acre. A little more time is required to 
make the furrows with the same size crew using a shovel plow, although 
fewer furrows are to be made between rows. A crew of one man and 
one horse with a shovel plow making the usual number of furrows, 
four, will cover 6.02 acres in 10 hours, at a cost of $0.67 per acre. 
Table XXVIII gives the average number of acres‘creased in 10 hours 
with different implements and crews. 
_ Fig. 6.—Furrowing out ditches for irrigating in a 4-year-old orchard in the Nob Hill section. The 
scarcity of leaves near the tops of the branches is due to rosette, a disease brought about by soil 
conditions. 
TABLE XXVIII.—Average number of acres creased with different crews and implements 
in 10 hours and the cost per acre. 
Clean-cultural management. Mulch-crop management. 
| 
Num- Num- Num- Num- 
Implement. ber | ber Acres | Cost | ber | ber Acres | Cost 
of | of |Man.|Horse.} in10 | per of of | Man.|Horse.| in 10 | per 
rec- | fur- hours. | acre. | rec- | fur- hours. | acre. 
ords. | rows ords. | rows 
6-foot cultivator.....- 28 6 il 2 9.90 |$0. 55 5 6 1 2] 10.99 | $0.50 
Shovel-plow......-..- 28 4 1 1 6.02 | .67 16 5 1 1 Det 70 
OFe tee ene 13 5 1 2 7.30 75 18 5 1 2 5. 59 98 
Considering all records under clean-cultural management, what- 
ever implement or crew is used, the annual charge for all creasings 
is 4.79 man-hours and 7.23 horse-hours per acre, at a cost of $2.27. 
