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COST OF PRODUCING APPLES IN YAKIMA VALLEY. 53 
HAULING BOX SHOOKS. 
All growers considered in this discussion hauled box shooks to 
their ranches. Short hau!s are made possible by spurs or sidings 
provided by the railways. Usually one man and two horses are used 
for havling shooks. Sometimes four horses are used. (See fig. 9.) 
Ten orchardists, however, used one man and one horse and five used 
two men and two horses when hauling shooks. In the North Yakima 
district a crew of one man and two horses hauled an average !oad of 
529 box shooks an average of 2.46 miles at a cost of $0.0041 per 
shook, or $0.0017 per shook per mile; while in the Zillah district a 
similar crew hauled an average load of 412 shooks an average of 1.20 
Fic. 11.—Hauling the filled loose boxes from the orchard to packing shed by means of a slip boat. 
Slip boats or sleds are used on short hauls. 
miles, at a cost of $0.0032 per shook, or $0. 0027 per shook per mule. 
Considering all records in the valley, whatever the size of crew, the . 
average distance hauled was 1.81 miles, with an average cost per 
shook of $0.0038 or $0.0021 per shook per mile. 
MAKING BOXES. 
As in other Northwestern apple-producing areas, most of the boxes 
are made up on the ranch at. odd times before picking time or during 
the early part of harvesting. Much of this work is done by contract 
labor at $0.0065 to $0.01 per box. On m ny of the small ranches 
the boxes are made by the owner or members of his family. A man 
will make from 260 to 500 boxes per day, depending upon his expert- 
ness. In this study the charge is $0.0065 for making a box. 
