COST OF PRODUCING APPLES IN WENATCHEE VALLEY, WASH. 21 



The spray outfit usually consists of a 2\ to 3| horsepower gasoline 

 engine and a 150 to 250 gallon tank mounted on a truck. Two 50- 

 foot lengths of spraying hose, with 8 to 10 foot bamboo extensions and 

 nozzle attachments, complete the outfit. A single nozzle is most 

 commonly used with each hose. Only a few of the outfits carry a 

 spray tower. Not every orchardist owns an outfit. Some own a 

 share in an outfit, while others hire their spraying done. When 

 the spraying is hired, a man with team and sprayer receives $1.50 

 per hour, the orchardist furnishing the material. 



The first application of spray is made when the trees are dormant, 

 the second when 75 to 90 per cent of the petals have fallen, the third 

 two to three weeks following the second, and the fourth during the 

 latter part of August or the first of September. 



The first, or " dormant," spray is made with a lime-sulphur solu- 

 tion, during a period of calm weather soon after the snow disappears 

 from the ground. Commercial lime-sulphur is usually used for the 

 " dormant" spray with a 1 to 10 solution; i. e., 1 part of lime-sulphur 

 to 9 parts of water. It is usually made from March 10 to April 10; 

 the greater part of the work, however, is done from March 20 to 

 April 10, at which time the leaf buds are beginning to burst. A 

 coarse spray is applied with Bordeaux nozzles, a pressure of 150 to 

 175 pounds being maintained. Some orchardists do not make the 

 winter lime-sulphur spray each year. Of the records considered, 81 

 made this an annual practice, while 6 used this spray every other year. 

 A crew of 3 men and 2 horses is most commonly used, although there 

 were a few 1-man and 2-horse, 2-men and 1 -horse, and 2-men and 

 2-horse crews. A crew of 3 men and 2 horses will spray 3.51 acres 

 in 10 hours, applying 6.1 gallons per tree, or 491.1 gallons per acre. 

 (See Tables XIII, XIV, XV, XVI, and XVII.) 



Table XIII. — Acres sprayed in 10 hours and amount of material applied per tree by a 



3-man and 2-horse crew. 



Item. 



Material. 



Lime- 

 sulphur. 



First 



lead- 



arsenate. 



Second 



Third 



lead- 



arsenate. 



Acres per 10 hours. 

 Gallons per tree . . . 



3.51 

 6.1 



3.35 

 6.7 



3.2 



3.64 

 5.9 



The first codling-moth, or lead-arsenate, spray is applied when 75 

 to 90 per cent of the petals have fallen. All orchardists make this 

 spray. A fine spray is used and a pressure of from 180 to 250 pounds 

 is maintained. It is the purpose to force this spray well into the 

 calyx for future protection of the apple against the work of the 



