8 BULLETIN 560, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
fodder was fed in the place of hay; a part of the time in February — | 
hay was again substituted for corn fodder. Straw was used for — 
bedding only. . 
On the New York farm, corn, oats, rye, and hay were fed throughout 
the year. Greater quantities of these were fed during May and i 
June, while from October to February there was a marked decrease 
in the quantities fed. As in Ohio, straw was used for bedding only. | 
LABOR COSTS. 
‘“‘Labor” includes the number of hours of both man and horse 
labor devoted to feeding and taking care of the horses, cleaning 
stalls, hauling feed and supplies, and to any other labor performed — 
for the benefit of the horse. The hauling of manure from the barn 
and barnyards is not charged against the horses, but becomes a part 
of the manure cost charged to the crop on which it is applied. 
TaBLE 7.—Number of hours, cost per hour, and total cost per horse of man and horse 
labor devoted to the care of horses, by States (27 farms, 316 horses). 
Illinois (154 horses). Ohio (72 horses). | New York (90 horses). 
_Kind of labor. liare! 
ost Cost Cost 
| 'Total Total f Total 
Hours.| pe | cost Hours el engi | Hours. ppee | cost. 
Cents. | | Cents. | Cents. | 
Manilnborte i cseck oases os 85.2 | 14.95 | $12.74 | 164.6} 16.00 | $26.34 | 127.3 | 16.40 $20. 88 
HOrseHabortces ae eee eee 13, 1 9. 56 S25 S27 leels290 1.14 | S55) sola eeee 1.21 
Din talee ke ae eats eee. 2ial|e Rael Pua 13.99 |.---22)-- sees D7. ass ee ey ede a 22. 09 
| | 
Next after feed, labor was the highest item of cost in caring for the 
horse, varying from 13 to 21 per cent of the total cost in the three 
States. Of the labor cost, 94.3 per cent was for man labor. It will 
be seen that the man-labor cost on the Ohio farms was more than 
double the cost on those in Illinois, and that on the New York farms 
it was more than one and one-half times the cost in Illinois. Or, in 
terms of hours, 85 man-hours per year were devoted on an average 
to the care of each horse in Iinois, while 127 and 165 hours, respec- 
tively, were so devoted in New York and Ohio. 
A study of the data shows that on an average each horse in 
Iinois was pastured a greater number of days than in either of the 
other States, thus requiring comparatively less attention. On the 
Ohio and New York farms a number of horses were stabled through- 
out the entire year, and hence required more attention than those on 
the farms where pasture was used. It also shows that in Ohio the 
care of horses on some farms was very high as compared with data 
on other farms in the three States; hence the high average cost for 
the farms in this State. 
/ 
| 
' 
