CYPRESS BARK SCALE. 21 



to take care of itself. One can not hope to maintain healthful, 

 vigorous, shade and ornamental trees without proper care and occa- 

 sional spraying. 



Infested trees should be sprayed twice in the fall, once in August 

 or the first part of September and again in the latter part of Sep- 

 tember. This is to kill the larva? before they become mature. The 

 proper dates to spray may vary slightly in different localities and 

 with different seasons, in which case certain phenological events 

 may be relied upon. The first spraying should be done when the 

 fruit of the French prune (the common variety planted throughout 

 the State) becomes blue or first begins to fall from the tree. The 

 second spraying should be done from one to two weeks after the last 

 prunes have been harvested. If but one application is attempted, 

 spray in the middle of September or when the maximum number of 

 prunes are falling from the trees, as this would be the best time to 

 kill the greatest number of larva?. 



The only satisfactory material to be used is a 12J per cent solution 

 of a high gravity miscible oil (33° Baume). The proportions are as 

 follows : 



Part 

 Miscible oil (33° Baume) 1 



Water 7 



Put the requisite amount of oil in the pail or barrel to be used and add about 

 one-fifth that amount of water. After some stirring this will become a thick 

 creamy liquid, whereupon the remaining amount of water may be added with 

 constant stirring. This should be continually agitated while being applied. 



The ordinary barrel or bucket pump will serve very well in apply- 

 ing the spray to small trees. A good power apparatus, however, is 

 necessary in order to compel the spray to reach to the top of large 

 trees or to penetrate through the heavy foliage of thick hedges. 



Thoroughness of the application can not be overemphasized. It 

 is absolutely necessary for successful control. See that the spray 

 comes in contact with every twig and that all the larger limbs and 

 trunks are thoroughly drenched. 



When planting trees not intended for trimmed hedges or wind- 

 breaks, leave a wide space between each individual. It is a common 

 fault to plant all sorts of trees too closely. Cypresses planted purely 

 for ornament should be fully 40 or 50 feet apart. Trees already 

 planted can be thinned out to this distance. This will retard the 

 spread of the insect and give more nourishment to each tree left. 

 The addition of fertilizers and water about the base of infested trees 

 will also aid in overcoming the effects of the scale insect. 



In badly infested regions it is not advisable to replant cypresses. 

 There are many other species of trees which are less prone to infesta- 

 tion and are just as ornamental, which should be planted. There are 

 other trees and plants, also, which make effective trimmed hedges. 



