CUTWORMS, ARMYWORMS, AND RELATED SPECIES 



11 



In addition to the species of which larvae were taken, adults of the 

 following species were taken in light traps: 



Euxoa — 



siccata (Sm.) 



brevipennis brevistriga (Sm.) 



sicatricosa (G. and R.) 



quadridentata (G. and R.) 



atristrigata (Sm.) 



catenula (Grote) 



mitis ura (Sm.) 



aurulenta f . aurulentiodes (Strand) 



intrita (Morr.) 



immixta (Grote) 



medialis poncha (Sm.) 



placida B. and McD. 



mimallonis (Grote) 



recticincta (Sm.) 



remota (Sm.) 



simona McD. 



declarata (Wlk.) 



verticalis (Grote) 



albipennis (Grote) 



obeliscoides (Guen.) 



Euxoa — Continued 



costata idahoensis (Grote) 



clausa McD. 



tristicula (Morr.) 

 Chorizagrotis thanatologia (Dyar) 

 Loxagrotis albicosta (Sm.) 

 Onychagrotis rileyana (Morr.) 

 Agrotis — 



daedalus (Sm.) 



volubilis Harv. 

 Spaelotis havilae (Grote) 

 Hemieuxoa rudens (Harv.) 

 Abagrotis barnesi (Benj.) 

 Protoleucania rubripennis (G. and R.) 

 Lithophane — 



georgii (Grote) 



unimoda (Lint.) 

 Septis — 



relicina (Morr.) 



arctica (Freyer) 

 Crymodes devastator (Brace) 

 Heliothis virescens (F.) 



SUBTERRANEAN CUTWORMS 



Cutworms of the subterranean group feed almost exclusively under 

 the surface of the soil, and therefore are controllable only by cultural 

 or preventive methods. 



Agrotis orthogonia Morrison 



Pale Western Cutworm 

 (Figs. 2, M\ 4, C; 7, C) 



Distribution. — This species is a typical dry-land cutworm. It is 

 confined to the semiarid and arid sections of the United States. 

 Outbreaks have occurred in western Kansas, northeastern New Mexico, 

 the Panhandle sections of Texas and Oklahoma, eastern Colorado, 

 western South Dakota and North Dakota, Montana, Utah, and 

 Wyoming in the United States, and in Saskatchewan, Canada. The 

 most easterly point of occurrence in the central Great Plains is about 

 12 miles east of La Crosse, Kans. Although the species was first 

 described by Morrison in 1876 from Glencoe, now a " ghost" town, in 

 northeastern Nebraska, only one small infestation was discovered in 

 that State during the investigations on cutworms. This infestation 

 was at Chadron, nearly 400 miles west of the site of Glencoe. No 

 other collection of the species in Nebraska is recorded. 



Economic status.— This species is of major economic importance in 

 the semiarid region of the Great Plains, particularly after a series of 

 dry years. 



Crops attacked and character oj injury. — In the central Great Plains, 

 winter wheat and spring barley are the favored host plants of the pale 

 western cutworm, although there have been minor losses in newly 

 seeded alfalfa. The larvae feed almost entirely underground, and 

 sever the plants just above the crown, causing ^them to wilt and die. 



