Syp4 BULLETIN 405, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
The two cases of death resulted from doses of 0.543 and 0.441 i 
pound. The general deduction from the experiments of 1913 on | 
ground seed was that the toxic dose was between 0.25 and 0.5 pound, 
and the lethal dose about 0.5 pound, with the probability that in the — 
average cases the lethal dose was somewhat more, perhaps nearly 0.6 | 
pound. i‘ 
It was considered that these experiments determined the dosage 
nearly enough for practical purposes, and in the experiments of 
administering ground seed in 1914, which were mainly with reference 
to the effect of antidotes, the dosage was intended to be heavy enough 
to produce serious illness, if not death. The general results showed 
that the estimate of dosage made in 1913 was approximately correct, 
and that the toxic dosé is somewhat less than 0.5 pound, sometimes 
as low as 0.25 pound. 
TOXICITY OF LUPINE PODS FOR SHEEP. 
The number of experiments of feeding lupine pods was not suffi- 
cient to determine the dosage with any exactness. Sheep No. 253 
died on August 6, 1914, from eating 2.755 pounds of pods. This 
material had been collected previously and dried, but the weight as 
given is the green weight, as the loss from evaporation was known, 
These were pods in which the seed was not yet ripe. 
Sheep No. 301 died on August 28, 1914, from eating 2.041 pounds 
of pods which were collected after they had shed most of their seed; 
a few seeds, however, remained attached to the pods. The weight 
given is the dry weight, as there was no way of estimating the loss 
of water in drying. Im all the other cases much smaller quantities 
were fed, and no intoxication resulted. It can only be said that the 
pods are distinctly toxic, but the dosage is much greater than of the 
seeds. 
It may be added in this connection that in 1913 a careful compu- 
tation was made of the relative weights of the seeds and pods in the 
fruit, and that, based on the result of this work, the toxic dose of pods 
would be 3.4 pounds. Without much doubt the toxicity of the pods 
varies at different seasons and probably is much reduced in the dried 
pods remaining attached to the plants in the late summer and fall. 
TOXICITY OF LUPINE FRUIT FOR SHEEP. 
By ‘“‘fruit’’ is understood the pods with the contaimed seeds. A 
considerable number of experiments were made to determine the 
toxicity of the fruit as compared with the seed. Table 5 gives the | 
results of these experiments. The term ‘‘Seed heads’’ means the | 
fruits and the stems bearing them. In the cases listed under “‘ Fruit, 
fully developed,” the pods were picked from the stems. 
The last four feedings under ‘‘Fruit, fully developed” were of: 
very poor, locoed animals; consequently, the dosage (as computed 
