10 CIRCULAR 44 7, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



Table 4. — Summary of average and extreme freezing points of different vegetables 



Kind and variety 



Artichoke: 



Globe 



Jerusalem 



Asparagus 



Beans: 



Snap or green 



Snap, pods 



Lima 



Lima, pods 



Beet 



Broccoli, Italian 



Cabbage (early), Jersey Wake- 

 field 



Carrots ' 



Cauliflower 



Celery 



Chayote 



Chicory, curled 



Corn, sweet, milk stage 



Cucumber 2 



Dandelion greens 



Eggplant 2 



Endive, curled 



Endive, Belgian, imported 



Escarole, broad-leaved endive, 



Eennel, Florence 



Garlic 



Horseradish 



Kohlrabi 



Leek 



Lettuce ' 



Muskmelons, eating ripe: ' 2 



Cantaloup, flesh 



Cantaloup, rind 



Honey Dew, flesh 



Honey Dew. rind 



Aver- 

 age 



Extremes 





Mini- 

 mum 



Maxi- 

 mum 





°F. 

 29.1 

 27.5 

 29.8 



29.7 

 30.2 

 30.1 

 30.8 

 26.9 

 29.2 



31.2 

 29.6 

 30.1 

 29.7 

 30.0 

 30.7 

 28.9 

 30.5 

 29.8 

 30.4 

 30.9 

 30.7 

 30.5 

 29.0 

 25.4 

 26.4 

 30.0 

 29.2 

 31.2 



29.0 



28.4 

 . 29.0 



28.8 



°F. 

 29.1 



27.2 

 29.4 



29.6 

 29.9 

 29.8 

 30.7 

 26.7 

 28.7 



31.1 

 29.4 

 29.9 

 29.7 

 29.7 

 30.5 

 28.6 

 30.3 

 29.5 

 30.2 

 30.5 

 30.5 

 30.0 

 28.5 

 24.6 

 25 2 

 29.7 

 28.5 

 31.0 



28.4 

 28.0 

 28.7 

 28.3 



°F. 

 29.1 

 27.9 

 30.1 



30.1 

 30.4 

 30.3 



31.0 

 27.2 



29.4 



31.3 

 29.7 

 30.1 

 30.0 

 30.4 

 31.0 

 29.2 

 30.6 

 30.1 

 30.7 

 31.3 

 30.9 

 30.7 

 29.7 

 25.7 

 27.6 

 30.2 

 29.8 

 31.4 



29.5 

 29.8 

 29.3 

 29.8 





































Kind and variety 



Mushroom, cultivated 



Okra . 



Onions, mild 



Onions, strong i 



Onion sets, Yellow Strasburg.. 



Parsnip 



Peas, green i 



Peas, pods 



Peppers, green 



Potatoes 1 2 



Pumpkin, Connecticut Pie 2 __. 



Radish. French Breakfast 



Rhubarb 



Romaine 



Rutabaga, American Purple 



Top 



Salsify 



Spinach 



Squash: a 



Summer (cymling) 



Winter, Hubbard 



Italian, Cocazelle 



Sugar beet 



Sugarcane: 



Tip 



Middle 



Base 



Sweetpotatoes ] 2 



Tomatoes, ripe ' 2 



Tomatoes, mature-green i 2 3 __. 

 Turnips, Purple Top White 



Globe 



Watermelon, flesh 



Watermelon, rind 



Aver- 



°F. 

 30.2 

 30.1 

 30.0 

 30.1 

 29.5 



30.0 

 30.0 

 30.1 

 28.9 

 30.1 

 27.3 

 28.4 

 30.5 



29.5 

 28.4 

 30.3 



29.3 

 29.3 

 30.9 

 28.5 



27.8 

 26.6 

 26.5 

 28.5 

 30.4 

 30.4 



30.5 

 29.2 

 28.8 



Extremes 



Mini- 

 mum 



°F. 

 29.9 

 30.0 

 29.7 

 29.7 

 29.0 

 28.4 

 29.7 

 29.9 

 29.9 

 28.8 

 30.0 

 26.9 

 27.5 

 30.1 



28.4 

 28.1 

 30.2 



29.1 

 28.9 

 30.5 

 28.1 



27.8 

 26.3 

 26.0 

 28.1 

 30.2 

 30.2 



30.2 

 28.9 

 28.5 



Maxi- 

 mum 



°F. 

 30.4 

 30.2 

 30.1 

 30.3 

 29.9 

 29.3 

 30.2 

 30.4 

 30.3 

 29.0 

 30.3 

 27.9 

 29.3 

 30.8 



29.9 

 28.7 

 30.5 



29.6 

 29.5 

 31.3 

 29.2 



27.9 

 27.2 



27.1 

 28.7 

 30.7 

 30.6 



31.1 

 29.4 

 29.0 



1 See table 3 for freezing points of different varieties. 



2 See footnote 1, table 1. 



3 This same group of varieties when vine ripened averaged 30.5° F. 



FREEZING POINTS OF FLORISTS' STOCKS 6 



The freezing points of cut flowers, plants, bulbs, corms, and tubers 

 that are commonly held in cold storage or shipped in quantities were 

 similarly determined. The determinations made for 21 lands of cut 

 flowers, 8 of bulbs, corms, and tubers, and 23 of plants are presented 

 in table 5. The freezing points of cut flowers were determined on 

 petals alone and of plants on leaves alone. The freezing points of the 

 petals of cut flowers varied from 26.6° F. in delphinium to 30.8° in 

 the orchid and hemerocallis. The leaves of rose, columbine, iris, 

 hemerocallis, and peony plants froze at lower temperatures than petals 

 borne on the same stems, whereas leaves of Easter lilies and del- 

 phiniums froze at a higher temperature than the petals. The fronds 

 of dagger ferns, which are commonly shipped in large quantities and 

 stored during the winter, froze at the relatively low temperature of 

 23.6°. Holly leaves such as are used in large quantities in sprays or 

 wreaths for Christmas decoration froze at 26.3°. The foliage of 

 neither holly nor dagger fern was apparently injured by freezing, as is 



e In connection with the storage of cut flowers and foliage, attention is called to the fact that in many 

 instances these are harmed by gases given off by ripening fruit. It is usually inadvisable to store these 

 products in the same room or near rooms where fruit is stored. 



