6 BULLETIN 536, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



from Brisbane. Voller, in 1903, mentions Brisbane, Toowoomba, 

 and Warwick as places especially subject to C. capitata attack. 



Tasmania. — The Mediterranean fruit fly became established in 

 Tasmania about Launceston during the early part of 1899 and, ac- 

 cording to Lea, attacked apples, pears, and peaches. As the result 

 of a meeting of the Tasmania Council of Agriculture, held on June 1, 

 to discuss correspondence regarding establishment and methods of 

 eradication, a vigorous clean-culture campaign was authorized, which 

 apparently was responsible for the eradication of the pest. No cases 

 of infestation have since been observed in Tasmania fruit. 



New Zealand. — Kirk states in 1901 that the Mediterranean fruit 

 fly had not, up to that time, appeared in any New Zealand fruit- 

 growing district. Two outbreaks were later recorded, at Blenheim 

 and at Napier, respectively, but were reported to have been quickly 

 stamped out by the destruction of the fruit and treatment of the soil. 

 A third instance of temporary establishment in New Zealand was 

 recorded in 1908 at Davenport. At present the Mediterranean fruit 

 fly is not known to exist in New Zealand. 



Islands about Australia. — In 1904 Kirk states that he had never 

 reared C. capitata from fruits received in New Zealand from the 

 islands of Suva, Nukualofa, Vavau, Rarotonga, Mangaia, Heratine, 

 and Samoa. 



BERMUDA ISLANDS. 



The Mediterranean fruit fly was not recorded from the Bermuda 

 Islands until 1890, when specimens of infested peaches were sent 

 Dr. C. V. Riley. It was known as a pest in Bermuda during the 

 25 years previous, and is supposed to have become established about 

 1865, when a, vessel carrying a cargo of fruit from the Mediterranean 

 region, bound for New York, was forced by severe storms to discharge 

 her cargo in Bermuda. 



WEST INDIES. 



There are no known records of the presence of Ceratitis capitata in 

 the West Indies. The fact that the Jamaica Botanical Department 

 in 1900 published a bulletin on orange culture and diseases, by Borg, 

 in which reference is made to C. capitata as a pest of the orange, has 

 led some to believe that the Mediterranean fruit fly has become 

 established in Jamaica. The subject-matter of this bulletin was 

 originally presented before the Malta Archeological and Scientific 

 Society and contains nothing to warrant the conclusion that the 

 author was dealing with the subject except in a most general way, 

 particularly as he speaks of the fly occurring only about the Mediter- 

 ranean. 



Ballou, in an article published in 1913 on the prevalence of some 

 pests and diseases in the West Indies during 1912, states that "fruit- 

 fly" attacks were not so general in Dominica as in former years. 

 The editor of the Review of Applied Entomology erroneously iden- 



