THE LESSER BUD-MOTH. 



11 



Table IV. — Pupation and emergence record of the lesser bud-moth in rearing 

 cages at Benton Harbor, Mich., in 1913, showing number of days spent as 

 pupw. 





Date of— 



Days. 



No. of observation. 



Date of— 





No. of observation. 



Pupation. 



Emer- 

 gence. 



Pupation. 



Emer- 

 gence. 



Days. 



1 



June 2 

 June 3 



...do 



...do 



June 25 

 June 27 



...do 



July 3 

 June 27 



...do 



23 

 24 



24 

 30 

 21 

 21 

 21 

 21 

 21 

 22 

 22 

 18 

 17 

 19 

 18 

 18 

 18 

 18 



19 



June 12 

 June 14 



...do.... 



...do 



June 30 

 ...do.... 



...do 



...do 



18 



2 



20 



16 



4 



21 



22 



16 

 16 



5 



June 6 

 ...do 



23 



.do 



...do 



16 



6 



24 



...do 



July 1 

 July 3 

 July 1 



...do 



...do 



Juiy 2 



...do 



July 3 



17 



7 



...do 



...do 



25 



...do 



19 



8 



...do 



...do 



26... 



June 16 



...do 



...do.... 



...do 



...do 



...do.... 



15 



o 

 IQ.'.'.WV. ...... ......'.'. 



11 



...do 



...do.... 

 ...do 



...do 



June 28 

 ...do 



27 



28 



29 



30 



31 



Average 



Maximum 



Minimum 



15 

 15 

 16 



12 



June 9 



...do 



...do 



June 27 

 June 26 

 J,une 28 



...do 



...do 



...do 



16 



14!!:!""'!*!" .... 



17 



15. 



June 10 

 ...do.... 

 ...do 



18.9 



16 



17 



1 



30 

 15 



18 



June 12 



June 30 













INSECT ENEMIES. 



The following hymenopterous parasites, representing six families 

 and seven genera, were reared from Recurvaria nanella, from ma- 

 terial collected in the larval and pupal stages, and confined in breed- 

 ing jars. Braconidse: Phanerotoma recur varim Cushman; Ichneu- 

 monidse: Diadegma sp. and Itoplectis sp. ; Pteromalidse : A broken, 

 undetermined specimen; Encyrtidse: Eupelmus sp. ; Eurytomidse: 

 Eurytoma sp. ; Chalcididse : Dibrachys sp. 



EXPERIMENTS IN CONTROL. 



Experiment I. — A young apple orchard at Benton Harbor, Mich., 

 was used for experimental spraying against the lesser bud-moth. 

 This orchard consisted of 50 trees of the Oldenburg (Duchess) 

 variety about 9 years old. Early in the spring, before the buds began 

 to swell, the trees were examined and numerous hibernating larvse 

 were found under the loose bark, the infestation appearing uniform 

 over the entire orchard. The orchard was divided into eight plats, 

 each plat consisting of not less than eight trees. The material was 

 applied with a hand barrel sprayer equipped with Yermorel nozzles. 

 The results were determined by actual count of all infested and un- 

 infested fruit and leaf buds from five trees of each plat, 10 days 

 after the blossoming period. The results are shown in Table V. 



