10 BULLETIN 380, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Fagus, as this is the first -mentioned host in the original description. 

 Xo specimen of this species on Fagus from Schweinitz was found in 

 Kunze's collection. However, authentic specimens from Schweinitz 

 on Fagus have been found in Fries's herbarium at Upsala, in 

 Hooker's herbarium at Kew, and in Brongniart's herbarium in the 

 Paris Museum. The last, which is the largest and best specimen, 

 is shown in Plate II, figure 2. Microscopic studies of the specimens 

 at Paris and Kew show only pycnidia with pycnospores. The writers 

 were unable to examine microscopically the specimen in Fries's herba- 

 rium, but it agreed in all macroscopic respects and also, so far as 

 could be determined with a hand lens, with the Paris and Kew speci- 

 mens. These specimens agree with all the material collected on Fagus 

 from various localities in the South. Studies of numerous collec- 

 tions of E. gyrosa have shown that the pycnidial form can be dis- 

 tinguished with certainty from any of the other species of Endothia 

 at present known. The connection between this pycnidial form and 

 the perithecial form as described has been demonstrated by pure 

 cultures from ascospores and also by the association of typical 

 pycnidia and pycnospores with perithecia and ascospores in the 

 same stroma. There appears to be no reasonable doubt, therefore, 

 that the specimens collected by Schweinitz on Fagus were the 

 pycnidial form of Endothia gyrosa, and the specimen in the Paris 

 Museum which was sent by Schweinitz to Brongniart about 1825 

 may properly be considered a cotype of Schweinitz's species. The 

 specimen from Schweinitz in Kunze's herbarium at Leipzig also 

 proves on microscopic examination to be the pycnidial form of the 

 same fungus. It is probable from the evidence at hand that 

 Schweinitz did not collect any specimen showing ascospores of this 

 fungus. However, the specimen in Kunze's herbarium shows some 

 perithecia evidently immature and without spores. A part of the 

 specimen from Schweinitz in Fries's herbarium shows stromata on a 

 piece of bark, evidently not Fagus. but probably Quercus. This 

 also appears to be pycnidia only. 



The specimen referred to by Clinton (18), which was found in 

 the original packet of Schweinitz at Philadelphia with Sphaeria 

 enteromela, is also undoubtedly the pycnidial form of E. gyrosa, 

 which closely resembles some early stages in the development of 

 species of Hypoxylon, especially H. enteromela. These species 

 may be easily confused with each other, and this would seem to be a 

 probable explanation of the accidental presence of this specimen in 

 this packet. Another point of interest in this connection is the fact 

 that in spite of diligent search on the part of the writers and many 

 other collectors and an examination of numerous specimens of En- 

 dothia on Fagus in all stages of development and from different 

 localities only Endothia gyrosa has been found on this host. Of 



