30 BULLETIN 790, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



the class of stock to be allowed by the change should be determined 

 by careful inspection of the range. 



GRAZING CAPACITY AS AFFECTED BY MANAGEMENT OF THE STOCK. 



The grazing-capacity figures given apply to conditions of average 

 management as regards distribution and control of cattle and herd- 

 ing of sheep. It should be remembered that with poor distribution 

 of cattle or close herding and driving of sheep to and from a central 

 camp from 10 to 20 per cent more range will be required, depending 

 upon the extent of poor management. On the other hand, a decrease 

 of 5 to 15 per cent from the average figures should result from 

 an approach to the ideal in management of the stock on the range. 

 How to approach the best that can be expected in the handling of 

 stock on the range is explained in later paragraphs on cattle manage- 

 ment and sheep management. 



Additional references (arranged chronologically) . 



Potter, Albert F. Questions Regarding the Public Grazing Lands of the 

 Western United States. S. Doc. 189, Fifty-eighth Cong., third sess., Ap- 

 pendix, pp. 5-25, 1905. 



Coville, Frederick V. A Report on Systems of Leasing Large Areas of Grazing 

 Land. S. Doc. 189, Fifty-eighth Cong., third sess., Appendix, pp. 26-61. 1905. 



Griffiths, D. A Protected Stock Range in Arizona. U. S. Bureau of Plant 

 Industry, Bulletin 177, 1910. 



Jardine, James T. The Pasturage System for Handling Range Sheep. U. S. 

 Forest Service, Circular 178, 1910. 



Thornber, J. J. The Grazing Ranges of Arizona. Arizona Agircultural Experi- 

 ment Station, Bulletin 65, 1910. 



Sampson, Arthur TV. Range Improvement by Deferred and Rotation Grazing. 

 U. S. Department of Agriculture. Bulletin 34. 1913. 



Sampson, Arthur W. Natural Revegetation of Range Lands Based I'pon 

 Growth Requirements and Life History of the Vegetation. TJ. S. Department 

 of Agriculture, Journal of Agricultural Research, vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 93-147, 

 Nov. 16, 1914. 



Jardine, James T. Improvement and Management of Native Pastures in the 

 West. U. S. Depaitment of Agriculture, Yearbook 1915, pp. 299-310; Year- 

 book Separate 678. 



Barnes. Will C, and Jardine, James T. Live Stock Production in the Eleven 

 Far Western Range States. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the 

 Secretary. Report 110. Part II, 1916. 



Wooton, E. O. Carrying Capacity of Grazing Ranges in Southern Arizona. 

 U. S-. Department of Agriculture, Bulletin 367, 1916. 



Jardine, James T., and Hurtt, L. C. Increased Cattle Production on South- 

 western Ranges. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bulletin 588, 1917. 



Chapline, W. It. Production of Goats on Far Western Ranges. U. S. Depart- 

 ment of Agriculture, Bulletin 749, 1919. 



Sampson. Arthur W. Plant Succession in Relation to Range Management. 

 U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bulletin 791. 1919. 



MANAGEMENT OF CATTLE ON THE RANGE. 



Control over the numbers and distribution of stock is a funda- 

 mental requirement of regulated grazing and effective range man- 

 agement. Many of the difficulties involved are brought out in the 

 preceding pages because the action recommended there is often 

 directly dependent upon this control. In turn, the discussion which 



