78 BULLETIN T90, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



tional holding ground be provided ? Is feeding along any driveway 

 or portion of a driveway necessary and practicable ? 



11. Are there any game animals on the range unit? What kinds 

 and how many? Where do they range in summer? In winter? 

 Information on these points should be obtained from local forest offi- 

 cers beforehand and during the inspection to facilitate special obser- 

 vation on such areas as may need it. Is there any apparent or prob- 

 able conflict between game animals and domestic stock in the use of 

 the range? If so, what adjustments in grazing management should 

 be made to insure adequate protection for the game ? It is especially 

 important to make sure that elk and deer have sufficient winter 

 forage on areas suitable for their use in winter. 



12. What range improvements are needed? Proposed improve- 

 ments should be indicated on the map, and each should be discussed 

 in a final report and plan, particularly with reference to the cost 

 and the relation of the projects to forage utilization. 



13. What is the condition of the improvements that have already 

 been constructed? These should also be located on the map, and, if 

 advisable, recommendations should be made relative to the nature 

 and cost of maintenance work. 



Everyone engaged in range inspection should collect information 

 in the form of notes and photographs on all range improvements, 

 such as water development, fences, bridges, corrals, trails, etc., that 

 might be used either in bettering conditions in each specific case 

 or in standardizing and improving this line of work in general. 

 Proposed projects, projects under construction, and completed proj- 

 ects should be included. 



14. What are the principal forage types and species on the Forest 

 or unit under consideration ? If the inspector is not already certain 

 of the identity of the more abundant plants, specimens should be 

 collected and identifications obtained. Ordinarily the inspecting 

 officer will not have the time nor find it convenient to collect and 

 care properly for more than 15 or 20 species in the course of an 

 inspection. It is essential that notes on the abundance, distribution, 

 and forage value of these species be made in the field while the 

 inspection is in progress. These notes should be prepared separately 

 from the remainder of the report. Where topographic maps are 

 available the general division line between types should be drawn 

 on the map. 



15. "What are the poisonous-plant species, and what is the extent 

 of the losses in live stock from poisoning? Poisonous-plant areas 

 should be located on a map, and recommendations should be made 

 relative to the management of each area. These recommendations 

 should contain figures on the acreage, the annual losses, and the cost 

 of reducing or eliminating the losses on each separate area. 



