THE NAVEL ORANGE OF BAHIA. 2 
wild trees in the immediate vicinity of the city. The tree is practi- 
cally never planted, and so far as could be learned no effort is being 
made to select and propagate the better types. Quantities of the 
fruits are gathered from wild seedling trees and brought into the 
market, where their aromatic fragrance soon dominates all other 
odors. The island of Itaparica, in the bay of Todos os Santos, about 
7 miles from the city, is said to produce the finest cashews. One tree 
on the island, the “ Manteiga” or “butter” cashew, is especially 
famed. Aside from being eaten fresh, in which state great quantities 
are consumed by the natives, the cashew makes excellent jams and 
jellies and a light wine, all of which are manufactured commercially. 
THE MANGO. 
The mango (Mangifere indica L.), introduced from India in the 
early days, vies in popularity with the cashew, though it is not pro- 
duced in such lavish profusion. Large seedling trees are seen every- 
where, not only in gardens, but along the roadsides wherever seeds 
have chanced to fall. The immense size which the tree attains in 
the deep soil of this region is astonishing; a magnificent specimen 
at Cabulla (Pl. XI), said to be over 100 years old, was found to 
have a spread of 120 feet, while the trunk was over 25 feet in cir- 
cumference. 
Itaparica is famed throughout Brazil for its mangos. Most of the 
trees on the island are seedlings, of which more than 180 are known 
by name. Quantities of fruit are exported to Rio de Janeiro, the 
growers receiving $5 to $10 per hundred. At this rate, some of the 
largest trees are reported to yield an annual income of $200. | 
It must be admitted that most of the mangos grown in Bahia 
and elsewhere in Brazil, grafted varieties as well as seedlings, are 
somewhat inferior to the best of those cultivated in India, the Phil- 
ippines, or the United States. There is one variety, however, whose 
unusual beauty and exceptional commercial qualities make it of par- 
ticular interest. This is the Manga da rosa (rose mango), grown 
commercially in the vicinity of Pernambuco and to a less extent at 
Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, and other points in Brazil. During the holi- 
day season quantities of the fruit are shipped to Rio de Janeiro, 
principally from Pernambuco, and sold by dealers in fancy fruits at 
the equivalent of 65 to 80 cents each. The attractiveness of this 
mango, with its cordate, regular form, slightly beaked at the apex, 
and its contrasting shades of apricot and scarlet, can scarcely be 
resisted. It will average about 1 pound in weight. The fiber is 
coarse and rather long; the quality is fair; the flavor and aroma 
are very good, indeed. However, the variety as a whole can not be 
considered the equal of the Mulgoba, Paheri, or several other Indian 
