THE GENUS CALOSOMA. 85 



and 14 days, respectively. In 1912 two larvae pupated July 7 and a 

 female issued in seven days and a male in eight after pupation. The 

 average mean temperature during the time the 1911 pupae were in 

 that stage, as taken from the Monthly Meteorological Summary 

 issued from the United States Department of Agriculture Weather 

 Bureau Office at Boston, Mass., was 63.5° F., while the average dur- 

 ing the time the latter pair were pupae in 1912 was 79° F. This 

 accounts in a measure for the varying length of time spent in this 

 stage. Seven and eight days are abnormally short pupal periods in 

 comparison with those of other species of this genus. 



The average length of the female pupa is 21.5 mm.; the width, 

 7.5 mm.; the male pupa is 17 mm. in length and 8.2 mm. in width. 



Daily notes were made on the changes in appearance of three pupae 

 in 1911, and as these varied so little the notes on one (No. 4765-K) 

 are given: 



August 6. Egg hatched. 



September 2. The larva ceased feeding and entered the earth for pupation. 



September 12. Creamy white pupa observed in cavity at bottom of jar. Eyes 

 light brown. 



September 15. Eyes light brown, appendages and body still creamy white. 



September 16. No noticeable change in pupa since the 15th. 



September 18. Eyes changing to brownish-black. Aside from that no other notice- 

 able changes in color of pupa. 



September 19. Eyes black. No other definite change noted. 



September 21. Eyes black, mandibles and tarsal claws brown. Anal segment of 

 the abdomen and tibial joints also brown. 



September 22. Mandibles brownish black, elytra yellowish brown. 



September 23. Eyes and mandibles black, tibiae and tibial joints almost black. 

 Elytra yellowish brown. Tarsi light brown and claws dark brown. 



September 24. Eyes, mandibles, and legs black, last segment of abdomen dark 

 brown. Head and elytra yellowish brown; other segments of abdomen still light in 

 color. 



September 25. Male adult issued. External skeleton of beetle still soft, but has its 

 natural color. 



Thirteen days were required for completion of the pupal stage, and 

 the beetle died later after being put into a hibernation cage. 



EXPERIMENT TO DETERMINE RELATIVE PROPORTION OF CATERPILLARS CONSUMED 

 DURING DAY AND NIGHT, 1912. 



During the spring of 1912 two jars of adults, each containing two 

 pairs, were used in this experiment. One jar (No. 5824-A) was sup- 

 plied with food at 8 a. m. and the count of the number of cutworms 

 (Noctua clandestina) eaten was taken at 5 p. m. and those remaining 

 were removed until the following morning, when a new supply was 

 added. Thirty-one full-grown cutworms were eaten during the days 

 between May 4 and 24. Cutworms were supplied the other jar (No. 

 5824-B) at 5 p.m., when it was transferred to a dark closet until 8 

 a. m. The jar was then removed from the closet, the number of 

 cutworms eaten noted, and those remaining were removed until 5 

 p. m. This operation was repeated from May 4 to 24, and 64 full- 

 grown cutworms were consumed during the nights. 



The experiment merely shows that these beetles feed either by day 

 or by night, as circumstances may require. More cutworms were 

 consumed by the beetles fed at night than by those fed during the 

 day, but the probable reason was that the day-record jar was kept 

 in the outdoor cage and the weather was quite cool, while the other 



