THE GENUS CALOSOMA. 93 



HABITS OF LARV^J. 



During June, 1914, some observations were made on the climbing 

 habits of the larvae at the laboratory (Plate III) and it was found 

 that the very young individuals were inclined to do this to some 

 extent, one specimen having climbed up the white oak post 6 feet, 

 ! then out on stovepipe wire and back to post before falling. Sec- 

 [ ond-stage larvae did not show an equal ability in this respect, and 

 third-stage larvae were not tried, owing to a limited amount of 

 material. 



It is rather difficult to estimate from these limited observations to 

 what extent this habit prevails in the field, which is indicated by the 

 habits of the host insect upon which this predator most commonly 

 feeds. 



PUPA. 



Two male pupae were preserved in alcohol from the rearings of 



1914, the average measurements of which were 18.5 mm. in length 

 and 8.2 mm. in width. Several larvae pupated and were reared 

 through to maturity. 



Notes were made on the changes of color and development of one 

 pupa found in cavity at bottom of jar July 5 and transferred to sur- 

 face of earth. The pupa was creamy white, the mouth parts and 

 tarsi after about five days beginning to turn brown. This color dark- 

 ened with age and later the tibiae began to show brown. After nine 

 days the thorax and abdomen had changed gradually to brownish 

 black. Legs brownish black at that period. July 18, the pupa died 

 just as it was about to mature. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. 



1851. LeConte, J. L. Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, v. 5, p. 199. 

 Original description of the species. 



1915. Essig, E. 0. Injurious and Beneficial Insects of California. 



Supplement to Monthly Bull., Cal. Hort. Com., Vol. IV, No. 4, p. 217. Account of life history 

 and habits. 



CALOSOMA SIMPLEX Lee. 



ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION. 



Black, subopaque. Head and prothorax finely rugose and punctulate, the latter 

 more than twice as wide as long; sides strongly margined, rounded in front, oblique 

 behind, more widely reflexed towards the base; base bisinuate, broadly rounded at 

 the middle, hind angles distinctly prolonged, broadly rounded; basal impressions 

 large and deep; dorsal line fine. Elytra slightly wider than the prothorax, oblong, 

 oval, convex towards the sides, which are narrowly margined towards the base and 

 more widely so along the sides; near the base are seen four small acute teeth, as in 

 our allied species; striae not impressed, composed of extremely fine punctures; the 

 punctures of the three dorsal rows are also small and not conspicuous; interspaces 

 alutaceous, not distinctly rugose. Tibiae straight. 



Length 20.5 mm. Middle California, one male. 



DISTRIBUTION. 



This species was described by LeConte in 1879, 1 the type specimen, 

 which was a male, having been taken in California. It has been 

 reported from Arizona, California, Colorado, and Texas. It has also 

 been taken in Mexico. 



1 LeConte, J. L. Description of a new species of Calosoma. In Bui. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, v. 1, no. 8, 

 p- 61-66, 1878. 



