THE GENUS CALOSOMA, 117 



greatest activity, and as they were deprived of food en route for about 

 three weeks, this probably had some influence on the date on which 

 they entered hibernation. These beetles made cavities from 4 to 6 

 inches deep in loose soil, but all died before emerging the following 

 spring. 



One pair of adults reared in 1910 issued from pupae September 13 

 and 18 and on September 26 were transferred to hibernation cages 

 out of doors. June 7, 1911, the male emerged and the female was 

 removed on that date. Both were in cavities 3 inches below the 

 surface. The male died during the summer of 1911, but the female 

 again entered hibernation August 12. 



July 8, 1911, a large shipment of adults was received from Japan. 

 Sixty-three males and 48 females out of the shipment were placed in 

 a large outdoor hibernation cage and food was furnished them until 

 they sought hibernation. Slightly less than one-third of these 

 emerged successfully the following spring. In Massachusetts August 

 12 is the average date for entering and June 7 for emerging from 

 hibernation. 



There can now be no question that adults of this species can 

 withstand New England winters. 



COLONIES OF CALOSOMA CHINENSE LIBERATED IN 1911 AND 1912. 



August 2, 1911, 60 females and 50 males, received from Japan 

 July 28, were liberated in marsh land covered with weeds and grass 

 along the Charles River in Cambridge, Mass. Larvae of Estigmene 

 acraea were so abundant in this area that 2,500 specimens had been 

 collected for use at the laboratory just previous to the date (Aug. 2) 

 on which the beetles were liberated. On August 4 Mr. W. L. Whit- 

 head visited the colony and saw four beetles, 2 of which were feeding 

 upon caterpillars. This colony was visited by Mr. Dudley on May 7, 

 1912, and again on June 4. No insect life of any kind was found on 

 the marsh on the former visit ; on the latter date one male of Calo- 

 soma Chinese was found a few feet from where the colony was originally 

 planted. At the time of this visit there was no evidence of the 

 feeding of caterpillars of Estigmene acraea on the weeds and grasses, 

 and it is probable that the beetles were forced to migrate in search 

 of food. No beetles have since been found in this colony. 



At Stoneham, Mass., May 15, 1912, 15 males and 15 females, which 

 were received from Japan in July, 1911, and which hibernated in a 

 large outdoor cage in the laboratory yard during the following winter, 

 were liberated in a market garden where cutworms were doing 

 considerable damage. On June 4 the colony was visited by Mr. 

 Dudley but no adults or larvae were found. The cutworms at this 

 time were not so numerous, but caterpillars of Pontia rapae and 

 Autographa brassicae were present on the cabbage plants. No further 

 evidence has been found that the species has become established. 



Pelham, N. H., June 21, 1912, Mr. H. I. Winchester took 128 first, 

 second, and third stage larvae from the laboratory and liberated them 

 in a woodlot badly infested with the gipsy moth. An examination was 

 made in the fall of 1913 but no traces of the beetles were secured. 



THE EGG. 



Egg white, approaching a creamy shade, almost elliptical in form, slightly curved, 

 usually a little larger at one end. Ten fresh eggs averaged 4.4 mm. in length and 2 

 mm. in width. 



