CENSUS OF THE OLDER TERTIARY FAUNA OF AUSTRALIA. 243 



Relation of the Old Tertiary Fauna to that of Southern 

 and East-temperate Australia. — The fauna of the Old Tertiary 

 has been replaced over much the same geographical area by that 

 extant on the Southern and South-eastern shores of Australia, 

 and comparisons between the two permit of legitimate deductions. 



Yiewed as a whole the Old Tertiary fauna is closely related 

 generically to that existing in the same area ; but a few conspicuous 

 Australian genera are not at all, or poorly represented as : — 

 Cominella, Phasianella, Elenchus, Clanculus, Risella among 

 Gasteropods ; Solemya and Soletellina among Conchifers ; and 

 Amblypneustes and Holopneustes among Echinoderms. 



The peculiar Australasian generic types, Zemira, Pelicaria, 

 sections Amoria and Volutoconus of Voluta, Crossed, Trigonia, 

 Chamostrea, Magasella, Linthia, and Eupatagus are equally well 

 or better represented by fossil as living species. 



On the other hand, Harpa, Cassidaria, Eburna, Rapana, and 

 Amusium among Molluscs, and Seriatopora, Plesiastrcea, Heliastrcea, 

 Antillia, Cycloseris, Placotrochus among corals, and several species 

 of Forarninifera are tropical. 



A further departure from the prevailing Australian facies is 

 the presence of genera extinct in the Australian region — as 

 Pleurotomaria, Melanopsis, Sequenzia, Cucullcea, Thecidium, 

 Rhynchonella, Terebratella and some corals ; and also by the 

 presence of genera unrepresented in living creation. Of these 

 Aturia, Conorbis, Mesostoma (if distinct from Trichotropis ), 

 Vaginella, Limarca, Dimya, Protocardium, Micraster, Holaster, 

 Graphularia, Nummulites, and the Zeuglodont Cetaceans are 

 alliances with the Older Tertiary of the Northern Hemisphere ; 

 whilst Pseudovaricia, Dennantia, Eligmope, Zenatiopsis, 

 Capistrocardia among Molluscs, and JSfotocyathus, Bistylia, 

 Trematotrochus, Conosmilia, Cyathosmilia and Pcdceoseris among 

 corals are peculiar to the Older Tertiary of Australia. 



The numbers of testaceous species in each class, except 

 Palliobranchiata, show very close agreement with those of the 

 Provincial faunas of New South Wales, Tasmania, and South 



Australia as set forth in the following 



table 



— 













i 



c3 



03 



-+3 





£ 







o 



^ 





d 









ft 



O 





T3 







Kecent Fauna of — 



o 



3 



ft 

 O 



a 



3 



S- 3 



o 

 o 



05 



o 



.2 § 



O 





o 



O 



Hi 



Pm 



Ph 



H 



New South Wales 



5 



510 



233 



10 



9 



767 



Tasmania ... 



4 



386 



141 





5 



536 



South Australia ... 



4 



387 



177 





6 



574 



Older Tertiary Fauna of Australia... 



3 



684 



240 



5 



34 



966 



