20 G. LINDSTRÖM, ACTINOLOGY OF THE ATL. OCEAN. 
of a regular, turbinate growth and never assuming the vermiform shape. They are 
regular, slowly tapering, curved horns, attenuated towards the basis. Length 9 milli- 
meters, width of calicle 4 millim. 
The epitheca is thick and transversally wrinkled by fine lines, in the Azorean 
specimens of the same zigzag curved shape as in the Floridan. It is never wanting, 
even not in a Floridan specimen, which Count PoUuRrTtALES sent to the Stockholm 
Museum. 
One small specimen is attached to a stone by a much expanded basis. There 
are no costa, only longitudinal rows of dots of a paler colour than the other epitheca 
of which they are integrating parts. There are no tubercles as described and figured 
by PourrtaLEs. These rows of dots have the same appearance as in Schizocyathus, but 
the epitheca is never lost and consequently there are no holes. Their presence is due 
to quite the same "cause as m that species. The calicle is circular: The septa are 
in six systems of three cycles and there are six paluli in front of the secondary septa, 
one for each. The septa are longer than in the Floridan specimens and the paluli are 
not so close together. "The paluli consist of a lamella having its superior border twisted 
in the shape of an S. In the Azorean variety the septa are thinner and not so spiny 
as in the Westindian. In specimens with a wide calicle more space is left in the 
middle for a columella to develop itself and it is seldom wanting, although it is only 
faintly indicated by some few, low papille on the bottom, which never attain the 
| same height as the paluli. Between the septa in 
the loculi there is a dense network of dissepiments, 
which are developed out of the spines or tuber- 
cles of the lateral surfaces of the septa. These 
dissepiments or synapticula are towards the wall 
arranged in regular rows and the empty spaces left 
between them are transparent through the pellucid 
epitheca and the pale dots on this are situated exactly 
on such empty spaces, whilst the epitheca around 
2 them covers the dense, coalesced septa and the disse- 
Longitudinal sections near the centre (8) avd close é 2 $ rd a 
to the exterior wall (9). piments uniting them. Thus these dots, which I 
never have seen elevated above the surface as tubercles, have the same origin as the 
resembling ones in Schizocyathus and can in no way be considered as homologous 
to the hollow rootlets in Rhizotrochus, Thecocyathus and several other corals. As may 
be easily ascertained such rootlets are formed, when the caliele is young and short, from 
its border, from which a lip or hollow process is growing out, and by means of which 
the coral is attached to foreign bodies. This process is in direct continuation with 
the calicle as the septa often are seen stretching out in its prolongation. By the 
growth of the coral this offset is covered up with epithecal and mural depositions, 
while the calicle is rising above it and perhaps again shoots forth a new rootlet. They 
are thus formed when the calicle itself was forming, whereas the dots on the epitheca 
of Schizocyathus and Stenocyathus are only visible long after the calicle is formed, or 
not until the loculi have been completely filled with dissepiment, leaving a few la- 
