12 ERNST ANTEVS, LEPIDOPTERIS OTTONIS (GÖPP.) SCHIMP. AND ANTHOLITHUS ZEILLERI NATH. 
Several pollen-sacks are quite filled with ovate pollen-grains (pl. 3, fig. 14), 
which according to NATHORST's (1908; p. 21) measurements are 36 to 48 u, generally 
40 to 43 u, long. As for the shape the pollen-grains (pl. 3, figs. 15, 16) agree with 
those of Ginkgo and Cycadophytes and also with the spores of several Ferns. 
The cuticle (pl. 3, figs. 10, 11) of Antholithus Zeilleri is rather thick und firm 
and quite similar on both sides. It has, especially on the segments, a number of 
folds, and probably had rather a rough surface. On the stalk-like lower part the folds 
are generally longitudinal, though cross-folds are not wanting. Here and there are 
holes (pl. 3, fig. 11), which quite agree with those I have described above in Lepidopteris 
Ottonis. They are generally rounded or a little oblong, being either sharply delimited 
against the intact cuticle or bordered by a regenerated, thin cuticular zone. At 
times the regeneration of new cuticle has been complete. 
Judging from the perfect agreement, the holes here are quite comparable with 
those of Lepidopteris Ottonis. As pointed out in speaking of that plant, it is practic- 
ally certain that they have nothing to do with the plant itself but most likely were 
caused by a parasitic fungus (p. 6). 
The epidermal cells (pl. 3, fig. 11) are isodiametrical or a little oblong, and 
in some cases have, and in other cases lack papillae. The walls are straight, and 
fairly thick. Stomata occur rather sparsely. They are equally distributed, and 
neither by their occurrence nor by any other attributes of the cuticle is it possible 
to distinguish an upper or a lower side. The guard-cells are immersed below the 
epidermis, and the entrance is surrounded by a number of regular subsidiary cells, 
whose walls parallel with the entrance form two concentric rings (pl. 3, fig. 12). 
From the inner of these walls issues one rounded cuticular lobe corresponding to 
each cell. These lobes almost close the entrance, only leaving a star-like opening. 
NATHORST (1908, p. 21) remarks that the stomata are ”recht ähnlich” those 
of Batiera but does not give any detailed description of them. This remark is 
undoubtedly quite right, but a closer examination shows that there is a certain 
difference and that the stomata of the genera can be comparatively easily distin- 
guished. 
As Professor NATHORST's (1906, p. 8) researches show, and as I myself have, 
ascertained, the stomata of Batiera are also bordered by a number of subsidiary cells 
with lobes. These latter consist of papilla-shaped prolongations of the cells in an 
oblique upward direction. They are sometimes long, sometimes short but do not 
close the entrance in the same degree or in the same manner as the horizontal 
cuticular lobes in ÅAntholithus Zeilleri. 
I have copied from NATHORST a couple of drawings of stomata in Baiera (pl. 
3, figs. 17, 18), and the difference may be made most clear by a comparison between 
these and those of A. Zelleri. 
The cuticle of the pollen-sacks (pl. 3, figs. 13, 14) is considerably thinner than 
that of the lobes or sporophylls otherwise, and totally lacks stomata. The cells are 
polygonal, oblong in the longitudinal direction of the pollen-sacks, and have rather 
thin walls. Papillae do not occur. 
