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14 ERNST ANTEVS, LEPIDOPTERIS OTTONIS (GÖPP.) SCHIMP. AND ANTHOLITHUS ZEILLERI NATH. 
On comparing A. Zeilleri and the male flower of Ginkgo biloba the matter already 
becomes rather suspicious, for the difference is enormous, and one may reasonably 
ask with COULTER & CHAMBERLAIN (1910, p. 193) whether, as it seems, such closely 
allied genera as Ginkgo and Baiera can differ so immensely with regard to their 
reproductive organs. 
A noteworthy fact is the circumstance just mentioned that the resistant fronds 
of Baiera only occur at Billesholm in connection with A. Zeilleri but not in the 
other localities, above all, not at Bosarp. For it would only be what might be 
expected if at least some frond-fragment had gone astray to this layer, in which the 
corresponding flower occurs as frequently as it does here. 
But even if one does not wish to ascribe any importance to this circumstance, 
the construction of the cuticle, and, above all, that of the stomata, speaks against 
the affinity of the fossils in question. For on comparing them, it is clear that the 
Baiera-species in question differs from ÅA. Zeilleri by a cutiele which is thinner 
throughout, as well as by somewhat different stomata (see p. 12). 
It is therefore probably necessary to search elsewhere for the plant of which 
A. Zeilleri constituted the male organ. 
In the paper mentioned NATHORST also points out the possibility of the mother- 
-plant being a Cycadophyte. There is, however, no reason to suspect any particular 
species; and of those whose cuticle has been microscopically examined — and this 
purpose is the case with almost all in which it has been sufficiently well preserved 
for that — none can come in question. 
Under such circumstances Professor NATHORST'S suspicion fell upon Lepidopteris 
Ottomis, and after proving that the existing statements as to sori have no justifica- 
tion in reality, there no longer exists any reason against presuming this to be the 
mother-plant. 
The fact which first turned NATHORST's thoughts to the relationship of the 
fossils mentioned, was their occurrence together. By itself this circumstance, of course, 
is of no importance, but it was the very repetition which attracted his attention, 
and, when taken in connection with other circumstances, it obtains a by no means 
little value. For it is noteworthy that, although Antholithus Zeilleri is certainly 
not known from anything like all the localities of Lepidopteris Ottonis, yet on the 
other hand, it has never been found in any strata except with this plant, and at 
Bosarp itself, in a layer consisting almost entirely of L. Ottonis, it is met with more 
frequently than anywhere else. 
Having carefully examined the cuticle of the respective plants, I have found 
that they agree so perfectly that it is impossible to point out any difference what- 
ever. The thickness of the cutiele and the cell-walls, and the shape and the size of 
the cells are the same. Both are characterized by the absence or the occurrence of 
papillae. Finally, the construction of the stomata is perfectly similar, a fact to 
which I ascribe great significance, as fully agreeing ones have not been found in 
other fossils from Scania. 
Though A. Zelleri does not present such tubercles as L. Ottonis, it seems to 
