LIFE HISTORY OF THE CODLING MOTH IN MAINE. 49 



Hatching of the second-brood larvae commenced about 12 days 

 earlier in 1913 than in 1914. The average incubation period in 1913 

 was 11.862 days; in 1914, 10.208 days. 



The second brood of larvae left the fruit over a considerably longer 

 period in 1913 than in the following year. This was due to the 

 smaller number of individuals under observation in 1914 and to the 

 warm weather conditions in November, 1913. The United States 

 Weather Bureau (Climatological Service, North Atlantic States, 

 November, 1913) reports that the "high temperatures caused unusual 

 manifestations in nature. " The average feeding period of the second- 

 brood larvae in 1913 was 49.160 days; in 1914, 42.750 days. The 

 higher average in 1913 was due to the larger number of individuals 

 which were leaving the fruit from September 25 to November 21. 



THE CONTROL OF THE CODLING MOTH IN MAINE. 



In connection with the life-history studies of the codling moth a 

 series of spraying experiments was conducted in 1913 and 1914. 

 As a result of these investigations it was found that one thorough 

 spray application, as soon as the petals have fallen, is sufficient to 

 control the codling moth. Arsenate of lead, paste 2 pounds or powder 

 1 pound to each 50 gallons of water, is recommended. 



The proper time to spray is illustrated in Plate I. The spraying 

 should be completed before the calyx cup closes too tightly, in order 

 to fill each cup with the poison. This is of vital importance. 



SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS. 



The life-history studies of the codling moth herein recorded were 

 conducted during the seasons of 1913 and 1914 at Winthrop, Me. 



The codling moth in Maine has one full generation, a very small 

 percentage (1 to 2 per cent) of the individuals of which transforms 

 to make a partial second generation. 



Pupation of the overwintering larvae begins about the middle of 

 May and extends to the first part of July. The length of the spring- 

 brood pupal stage averaged 21 days. 



The moths of the spring brood begin to emerge about two weeks 

 after the petals have fallen and continue to issue for a period of 

 about a month. 



The average time from the date of emergence of the moths to first 

 oviposition was about four days. 



The oviposition of the spring-brood moths averaged 14 days. 



The average length of life of the male spring-brood moth was about 

 12 days; of the female spring-brood moth about 13 days. 



