SOLID-STREAM SPRAYING IN NEW ENGLAND. 13 



to the leaves, and at the same time thoroughly treat the surrounding 

 foliage. By using a spreader on the nozzles the lower foliage and 

 undergrowth can be properly sprayed with much less damage or loss 

 of solution than if the solid stream is applied. The essential thing 

 in woodland spraying is to keep the nozzleman moving. Poison is 

 sure to be wasted when stops are made for any length of time. Care- 

 ful arrangements for water supply should- be made in advance. 

 Damming of brooks or digging holes in low ground to provide an 

 accumulation of water will reduce the cost of spraying to a great 

 extent. It sometimes becomes advisable in the spraying of large 

 wooded areas to build temporary roads. This is often necessary 

 from an economic standpoint, as the average wood road suitable for 

 spraying machines can be built for 5 cents per square yard, and re- 

 sults in a great saving in the aggregate spraying cost. Especial care 

 should be taken in the spraying of conifers, as the leaf area is very 

 small and the stream must be broken into a fine mist in order to have 

 the solution adhere. 



WINTER CARE OF SPRAYING MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT. 



Failure to take proper care of a spraying outfit is responsible for 

 most of the difficulties and delays that result during the spraying 

 season. This is particularly true in regard to the precautions that 

 should be taken when the spraying season is over and the machine is 

 laid up for the winter. If careful attention is not given to the appa- 

 ratus at this time, many difficulties and delays are likely to result 

 during the following season. 



Each machine should be taken to a convenient water supply and 

 clear water forced through the pump and hose until both are per- 

 fectly clean. The running gear should be thoroughly washed. After 

 this has been done the hose should be laid away for the winter. Stor- 

 ing hose in coils should be avoided. The machine should be properly 

 drained of water and all metal parts coated with heavy grease. Care 

 should be taken that all valves and petcocks are open, and the plugs 

 and packing in the pump should be removed for the winter to allow 

 the latter to drain. After the water has been properly drained from 

 the engine and the circulating pipes have been disconnected the engine 

 should be started and run for a few minutes so as to force the water out 

 of the pump and check valves into the water jacket of the engine, where 

 the heat will cause it to evaporate. Care should be taken not to allow 

 the engine to become overheated while being run under the above 

 conditions. After this has been done the spark plugs should be 

 removed and wrapped in oiled cloth to prevent rusting. After the 

 spark plugs have been removed, pour a cupful of cylinder oil into each 

 cylinder and turn the engine over a few times, so that the oil may be 

 worked in around the piston rings. Cork stoppers should be placed 



