STOCK-POISOXIXG PLANTS OF THE RANGE 21 



This formula would apply to an animal weighing 500 or 600 

 pounds. For a large steer or cow of 1.000 pounds or more the dose 

 should be twice that given in the formula. These materials can be 

 obtained from any dealer in drugs. The physostigmine salicylate 

 and pilocarpine hydrochloride are furnished in veterinary hypo- 

 dermic tablets, each containing one-half grain of physostigmine 

 salicylate and 1 grain of pilocarpine hydrochloride. The strychnine 

 sulphate can be obtained in tablets each containing one-half grain. 

 These dissolve easily, and it is well to have two or three doses ready 

 in small, homeopathic bottles. For yearlings one should use two of 

 the physo>tigniine-pilocarpine tablets and one of the half-grain 

 strychnine tablets dissolved in an 8-dram homeopathic bottle one- 

 third full of water: for full-grown cattle four of the physostigmine- 

 pilocarpine tablets and two of the strychnine tablets dissolved in 

 an 8-dram bottle two-thirds full of water should be used. 



It is best to use an all-metal hypodermic syringe. This can be 

 easily cleaned by boiling. The form which has been found most 

 useful for the field is that known as the Quitman syringe. In this 

 the needles are carried in the hollow piston, and a case is therefore 

 unnecessary. The syringe should be of the 10-centimeter size, which 

 holds one-third of an 8-dram bottle of water, so that the remedy 

 can be given to yearlings in a single dose, while for mature cattle 

 the syringe must be filled twice. The needle is most conveniently 

 inserted in the shoulder. There is little doubt that prompt treatment 

 of animals poisoned by larkspur will result in the saving of most of 

 the cases. 



THE ROSE FAMILY (ROSACEAE) 



CHOKECHERRY (SPECIES OF PRUXUS) 



For years there have been persistent reports of poisoning, espe- 

 cially of sheep, from eating chokecherry leaves. There has been great 

 difficulty in proving the truth of these stories, for it has frequently 

 happened that of several bands. going through a mass of wild cherry, 

 possibly only one would suffer, while the others would go through 

 with no cases of poisoning. A large number of experiments, many 

 of which have been without results, have been performed with choke- 

 cherry leaves. Investigations by the department, however, have 

 verified the statement that the leaves may be extremely poisonous, 

 and there seems to be no doubt that, under certain circumstances, 

 animals may be killed by eating this plant. These cases ordinarily 

 occur along drives that are bordered by chokecherry and where there 

 is very little else for the animals to eat. 



It has been found that the rather widespread idea that cherry leaves 

 are specially dangerous when wilted is erroneous. 



Sheepmen should by all means avoid, if possible, trail? that are 

 lined with chokecherry, and if it is necessary to drive over these 

 trails, they should be sure that the animals are well supplied with 

 food before commencing the drive. Poisoning from chokecherrv is 

 due to prussic acid, and death results very quickly. (Figs. 11 and 

 12.) Xo treatment is likely to modify the results. 



Plate 12 shows the chokecherry of the West. 



