2 BULLETIN 886, IT. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



The account which follows is based largely on observations of 

 specimens collected as 1 -year-old larvae in Michigan in 1916 and 

 1917 and transported in the wood to West Virginia, where they were 

 removed from their feeding places and planted in the trunks and 

 branches of living apple trees of various sizes. In their new position 

 the larvae continued without intermission to feed, and, so far as could 

 be observed, the insects developed and functioned normally. In 

 the way described a considerable number of adults were reared and 

 from these numerous eggs and future stages of the insect were ob- 

 tained for life-history study. 



HISTORY AND DISTRIBUTION. 



The spotted apple-tree borer was first described by Edward New- 

 man in 1838 1 under the systematic name which it still bears. The 



first reference in lit- 

 erature to the hab- 

 its of the species 

 can probably be ac- 

 credited to L. J. 

 Templin, who, writ- 

 ing in 1877, 2 spoke 

 of injury to apple 

 trees in the West, 

 evidently by this 

 species. In 1880 

 Prof. Henry Os- 

 borne 3 described 

 injury by this in- 

 sect to apple trees 

 in Iowa, and in 1881 Prof. A. J. Cook 4 wrote of serious injury by the 

 spotted apple-tree borer in Michigan. 



The following definite locality records have been obtained from 

 museum specimens, from the notes of collectors, and from obser- 

 vations made during the present investigations : Tyngsboro, Mass.; 

 Philadelphia, Pa.; Highfield, Md.; French Creek, W. Va.; Lansing, 

 East Lansing, and Detroit, Mich.; Milwaukee, Wis.; Charles City, 

 Manchester, Ames, and Iowa City, Iowa; Edgebrook, Glen View, and 

 Palos Park. 111.; Beaumont, Tex., and Paris, Ontario, Canada. The 

 species is recorded also from New York, New Jersey, and Ohio. The 

 map (fig. 1) shows the distribution of the insect, so far as known at 

 present, in the United States and Canada. 



1838. 



Fig. 1.— Distribution of the spotted apple-tree borer. Dots represent 

 definite localities and crosses represent States in which found. 



i Newman, Edwaed. entomological notes. In Ent. Mag., v. 5, p. 395-396. 



2 Templin, L. J. In Practical Farmer. Nov. 17, 1877. 



3 Osborne, Henry. In Western Stock Jour, and Farmer, v. 10, p. 273-274. 1880. 



4 Cook, A. J. carbolic acid as a preventive of insect ravages. In Can. Ent., v. 13, p. 189-191. 



1881. 



