46 BULLETIN 1189, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Ralls. Synonyms : Raivles Genet, Geneton, Janet, Neverfail. 



Though widely distributed throughout this area, the Ralls variety is not be- 

 ing planted at present because the tree is very subject to blight, the foliage 

 to leaf-spot, and the fruit to sooty fungus, apple blotch, and bitter-rot. It is 

 rarely highly colored, and only the most thorough spraying enables the orchard- 

 ist to secure a clean crop. The tree, however, blossoms late, so that it is a 

 reliable bearer, especially where late spring frosts occur. The fruit, though 

 small, is of very good dessert quality and keeps till late in the winter in ordinary 

 farm cellars. 

 Rambo. 



The Rambo variety is common in the home orchards in the northern part of 

 this area. Although the tree is small, it is long lived, healthy, upright, rather 

 open, and usually productive. On young trees the fruit is large, but as the 

 tree grows older the fruit becomes medium to below medium in size. It is 

 attractive in color, juicy, tender fleshed, aromatic, and very good to best in 

 dessert quality. It is very desirable for both dessert and culinary uses. In that 

 part of the Allegheny Plateau region located in West Virginia it is a fall apple. 

 It is probably not adapted to the general market, as it is too easily bruised 

 and does not keep well enough. Because of its high dessert quality and produc- 

 tiveness it will long be grown in the northern part of this area in the home 

 orchards and for local markets. 

 Red Astrachan. 



In fruit-growing regions of the northern United States the Red Astrachan is 

 one of the most widely planted early apples. In all parts of this area, however, 

 it has such serious faults that it has proved unsatisfactory. In the early- 

 apple orchards of all regions in Tennessee the trees are short lived, do not 

 bear well when young, and are not generally productive. The fruit matures 

 through a long season and is subject to apple blotch and scab. In the northern 

 parts of this area, though more productive, it ripens through too long a season 

 and before ripening rots too frequently to prove desirable. 

 Red June. 



The Red June is an old variety, one of the best known throughout the 

 southern part of this area, but is grown to some extent in all the regions. 

 Recently, its place has been taken by other varieties better adapted to present 

 requirements. The tree does not grow to large size in the southern part of 

 this area, although large trees are sometimes found farther north. The tree 

 is very subject to blight and is short lived. Its foliage is susceptible to cedar 

 rust. The fruit is usually small, too soft to ship well, and ripens through too 

 long a season to be good for commercial use. It ripens in the Gulf Coastal 

 Plains region in Tennessee during the last of June and the first part of July. 



There are many trees of the Red June type, which are probably seedlings 

 of it, scattered throughout this area, some of which are decidedly superior to 

 the Red June. Some of these are known very slightly, while others have been 

 propagated to a considerable extent. The Coffman appears to be one of these 

 of about the same season as the Red June, yet superior to it as far as tested. 

 Thompson June and Wilson June are other varieties of the Red June type 

 also superior to it. The Striped June, similar in practically all respects except- 

 ing its striped color, is frequently grown under the name Red June. 

 Rhode Island Greening. Synonym : Rhode Island. 



The Rhode Island Greening is a northern variety, grown to a slight extent 

 in the northern part of this area. In the Interior Low Plateau region it seems 

 to be more susceptible to blight than the Yellow Transparent. In the Al- 

 legheny Plateau region in West Virginia it is affected to a less extent. More- 

 over the fruit is subject to apple blotch wherever that disease is prevalent and 

 is inclined to drop before ripening. For these reasons, as well as because its 

 season is too early to make it of value as a winter apple, as in New York 

 State and in New England, it is not recommended. 

 Rome Beauty. Synonyms : Rome, Roman Beauty. 



The Rome Beauty originated in Lawrence County, Ohio, just across the Ohio 

 River from Huntington, W. Va. Commercial orchards of it are now found in all 

 apple regions of this area, but it seems to develop better under the conditions 

 near its place of origin than elsewhere in this area. The Allegheny Plateau 

 region, including the parts of Ohio and West Virginia adjacent to the Ohio 

 River, is widely known as a center of the culture of the Rome Beauty, and the 

 largest acreage of this variety is found in this region. 



